A Study Of The Chinese Political Changes From 1949 To 1966

Traditional Chinese absolute monarchic system had made traditional political changes get into a difficult situation and had fettered Chinese politics' transition from traditional form to modern form. Since 1840, under the outside pressure, the traditional political system in China collapsed finally, but all the governments after the Qing Government had no capability to set up an independent state and an authoritative central government all the time and were replaced finally by the Chinese Communist Power which promoted modernization firmly.After the establishment of new china, Chinese political development began its new chapter. From 1949 to 1956, because of reasonable development strategy of leadership, economic development, the change of political system, the solidarity of domestic political strength and good international relations, the legitimacy of authority of new regime was raised greatly, the balance of political relation was maintained, the political system tended to standard ,the political democracy got preliminary development and the government capability was improved greatly , which had carried a big step forward for the Chinese political development. But, in this stage, Chinese politics also buried the hint of political decline. From 1957 to 1966, because the development strategy of leadership was transformed into a theory of class struggle as key link, economy declined, political system became rigid, domestic political strength lost balance and international relations were worse, the political legitimacy went down, government prestige was dropped, political system lost standard, political democracy went backwards, government capability was dropped and political relations lost balance. Politics had appeared to be decline in general. However, political development still went on weakly in this period.From 1949 to 1966, the political changes had left experience and lesson to us and at the same time had affected the Chinese political changes in the Great Cultural Revolution and then on, Looking ahead the 21~st century, goals of Chinese political development should be: the building of political legitimacy will be still fundamental; the establishment of the rational authority will be the goal of building of political authority; political institutionalization and political democratization will be still the fundamental goals of political development; the change of government capability will be also the important goal of political development. In 21st century, the fundamental dynamics of the Chinese political development will be still the economic development, at the same time building of modern state and cultivating civil society on this foundation and the influence of globalization, this will push the Chinese political development forward to a new altitude.