Ethical Reexamination On The Development

Development, which is a great subject of the times, was given valuable intension and rational thinking by the modern society. Development is multiple dimensional and among it, the triple dimensions of economic, science and technology (S&T) together with ethics bear the developmental expectation of the mankind. The development in the traditional economics vision is a kind of economic growth, which takes efficiency as the centre. It reverses the correct relation between the end and the means, causing enormous cost directly. So development theories have experienced transitions in two aspects, which are the transition of the centre from economic to social overall development and from the object of development to the subject of development. The new theories display obvious ethic features. S&T is the fatal guarantee of economic growth and social progress. But it also brings a series of problems while promoting morality. Therefore, we should pay close attention to S&T ethics for it is the base of S&T progress. Developmental views in the point of ethic have experienced about four stages, which show the separation and combination of ethics and economy. This separation and combination prove the guideline role of ethics. Ethics fitting in the development of social history can formulate and guide the trend of economy and S&T, making them advance to the direction of promoting society's all-round development and the direction of promoting well-being of mankind. Introspecting from above three aspects, we should concern the end value, build up the developmental concept in the line of ethic, and correctly deal with the contradictions,such as the contradictions between end and means or efficiency and justice and etc. From the development of utilitarian happiness to John Rawls's justice and then to Amartya Sen.'s freedom, ethic principle directs the evolving process of the view and theory of development. There are a series of consensus in the world including the target system and strategy principle of development, etc. However, developmental conflict also makes human feel confused and the worldwide conflicts need the combination of economic, S&T and ethic.