Xu Jingcheng's Diplomatic Thoughts And His Practice

As one of the early diplomatic envoices in china ,Xu Jingcheng' s whole life has an individable connection with diplomacy. Through a plenty of practice in diplomacy ,Xu Jingcheng has formed a characteristic diplomatic thoughts. This thesis is divided into six parts concentrates on Xu's diplomatic thoughts and practice all sidely.The first part expounds the reasons for the forming of Xu's diplomatic thoughts . The thesis will analyse the main reasons from four aspects. They are the new situation in late-Qing dynasty, the influence of pragmatic knowledge tide, the long-term diplomacy experience and Xu Jingcheng's quality.The second part mainly discuss Xu's cognizance of modern diplomacy in his practice. He has deep cognizance of international law and the family of nations, which are belong to modern diplomacy. He has considered the religion culture and interior politics, which are connected close with modern diplomacy.The third part expounds the aim of Xu's diplomacy . His aim is to maintain national sovereignty and national interests. It elaborates Xu's cognization of national territory sovereignty, rights and oversea Chinese. It also elaborates his safeguard practice for these Chinese rights.The fourth part expounds Xu's basic policy and tactics in diplomacy. Xu Jingcheng took a peaceful way as basic policy to maintain national interest in his practice. At the same time, he used "make use of foreign countries to constrain others" as his diplomatic tactics.The fifth part analyses Xu's contribution to the diplomatic constraction. He tried strengthening military to build a powerful diplomatic foundation;He reformed the systerm of envoices to improve the diplomatic systerm;He supported establishing consul systerm, he did his hard to train diplomatic talent and so on.The sixth part is the conclusion .It expounds the progress and limitation of Xu's diplomatic thought and practice. First of all, the thesis affirmsXu's diplomatic activities which maintain national sovereignty and national interests, and his thought promoted the modernization of Chinese diplomacy. Secondly, this part also analyses the limitation of Xu Jingcheng's diplomatic thought and practice .