Analogical Encoding Facilitates Pupils' Learning And Transfer In Word Problems

Analogical encoding is a technique of simply encouraging people to compare available cases. It is explained almost by the two analogical transfer theories—pragmatic schema theory and structure-mapping theory. Considerable evidence has been showing that analogical encoding can especially foster transfer of structure information. First of all, we presented"Analogical encoding"from several aspects: transfer elements; indexes; mechanism. Further, we introduced series of classic studies. During the second phase, (teaching) experiments were designed.To test whether compare conditions excel example conditions with pupils in Grade 4, 5 and 6, we conducted experiment 1. Students were separated into compare or example conditions. Between-grades factor was considered, too. We concluded that comparing cases greatly promoted subsequently achievements; schema quality predicted transfer score well; but Between-grades had no effect. As previous predicted, Analogical encoding can facilitate pupils'learning and transfer in Word Problems, and even Grade 4 can do so.In study 2, two matching Grade 4 classes were chosen and randomly named experimental or controlling class. Then we educated experimental class with compare teaching, and controlling class with previous case teaching. As predicted, former excelled later in classroom behavior, examination& Word Problems score; regression analysis showed that classroom behavior can predict Word Problems score, but other indexes can't.At last, future trends were discussed.