An Inspection Of Living Environment Of Peasant In The Twenties And Thirties Of The Twentieth Century

China is a country with big agriculture from time immemorial, ourancestry created brilliancy glitter of agriculture civilization. Along with thechange of time, this civilization of China the ancient country headed forcomedown. The front door of The Qing dynasty was opened by the sharpship the fierce cannon of the western countries. After a series outward warfailed, The Qing government had become" the imperial government of theforeigner" completely, losing along with Chinese great deal of sovereignty,the destiny of The Qing dynasty also walked to the end. After it but rising ofChina republic, overthrow the feudalism system of several thousand yearsin China, builded up the country of capitalize republic. But do not changethe destiny of the Chinese people, after The Jiangjieshi citizen's governmentestablishment, China is becoming a nation for unify formally. In 38 years ofthe China republic establishment, it had promulgated some policies andmeasures improved agricultures to produce and improved the life of farmers,to resolve today the modern Chinese "three agricultures"s problem, havingto certainly draw lessons from those.This text is from the period of the China republic' different farmerstratums whose the aspect of the politic, economy and the social discuss theliving condition of the farmer and living level.Firstly, the political enviroment of the farmers. The village in the Chinarepublic period, the political living condition of the different stratumfarmers are different. The wealthy farmers had a proportion of capital andproperty, the power of enough economic make the wealthy farmers havemore energies to carry on political activity, all of the wealthy farmers andlandlords are the propertied class of the villages, the purpose of whomattending the political activity is benefits for their stratum, and acquire morebenefits in the process of attending a political activity. The main way ofwealthy farmers attending the political activity is to take on the headers ofBaojia. Take charge of collecting rents and patrolling. The headers of Baojiawere one of the constitution governers in rural. Greek right, the rightmember of gentry imposed on the farmers who are the heavy yoke, theirethical dimensions, the detention in the context of traditional thinking;Atthe same time, rural farmers rent out land relations will tie in the land, cannot escape. Comparing to more large poor farmers, who are indifferenttoward the political life in villages.Secondly, the economic environment of the farmers. The income andexpenditure are the main part in economic life of the farmers. Theincome(landlord excepted) of the wealthy farmers, in foreland where themerchandise economy more flourishing, this part of farmers were engagedin the production management of the new style, the income level is higher;Other regions in the whole country, wealthy production management thatthe farmer be engaged in still stays around a self-sufficient mode ofproduction up, the income of wealthy farmer These areas relative to theincome of wealthy farmers in coastal areas to low-income farmers, but itdoes not affect their lifestyle. Poor peasant incomes primarily through rentalof wealthy farmers acquired land, how much of their income poor or harvestagricultural has a direct bearing on their income can manage to maintaintheir lives. Farmers expenditures, according to Engel index criteria,primarily food and miscellaneous expenditures, both part of the expenditurein inverse proportion. Food expenditures more expenditure on fees less, andvice versa. Wealthy farmers in food expenditure share of the cost of livingexpenses to less than poor farmers, and miscellaneous expenses in the costof living is higher than the proportion of expenditure ordinary poor farmers.Their living standards in general can be seen.The end, social environment of farmers. Farmers into the cultural lifeof education, entertainment, weddings and other aspects, this article focuseson these four areas to deal with the living of the farmers. Wealthy farmersgenerally higher than the general level of education for poor farmers inChina's vast rural areas, approximately 70% of ordinary peasants who wereilliterate, of which more women reached alarming 90% or more. Inentertainment, the wealthy propertied people are rural farmers, whopresided over the large rural mass entertainment such as the annual dragonboat activities. Ordinary farmers recreational activities, simple, practical,on-farm can use the most common hot stones, tree branches asentertainment tool. In big, wealthy farmers and poor farmers because of theeconomic conditions are different, which vary in size and cost, but havefollowed the traditional model. Farmers interpersonal narrow, only withrelatives, neighbours maintain a certain exchanges.Based on the above, in large areas of rural China, the differenteconomic conditions of different strata of peasants living differences.Farmers on the land issue were not a major issue before the farmers inaccordance with their inherent lifestyle remain living in their own world.When they can no longer live as usual when the original order was ruralceased to exist.