The Research On H.Rolston's Idea Of Natural Value

H.Rolston's idea of natural value is an important value theory, it occupies the very important position in human value theories system. Regarding value as the clue, this paper proceeds a systematic research on H.Rolston's idea of natural value. In chapter One, it criticizes primarily the traditional value standpoint, thinks that value is a kind of attribute of things, and the biggest character of the attribute is its creativity. He thinks that value is" a kind of thing like this, it can create the difference which is in favor of organism, so it can make ecology system enriched, and make it more beautiful, various, harmonious, complicated." He thinks in nature, we should replace rights with value, because rights are the attribute only in human bring. As nature it has value instead of rights, and this kind of value is an objective value. In the relation of mankind and nature, he claims that should follow nature. For the sake of making his theory more perfect, H.Rolston absorbs the essences of Leopid's earth ethics and Schweitzer's theory of respecting and fearing lives. And he conducts their ideas as the theory foundation of his idea of natural value. In chapter two, it emphasizes H.Rolston divides natural value as three parts: tool value, inside value and system value. He thinks that there are two kinds of subject and dimension on natural value, that is, the human itself with the nature itself. The character of the nature value can also generalize for creativity, independence, limit,unifica_ tion, and variety. Moreover, he emphasizes the nature's inside value. He thinks inside value is the things which can discover value in itself and needn'the help of such things which other things need referring to them, and it is an objective inside value. From the angle of the evolution theory, the purpose theory, and the whole theory, he demonstrates the rationality that inside value exists, and he also analyzes parts of scholars'query to the theory. Finally, this paper analyzes the rationality and the limit on natural value existing. It gets some conclusions: First, he has put forward the idea of natural value, which is a kind of progress. Secondly, the idea of natural value can't still realize in present stage. Thirdly, the market economy results in the nervous relation of mankind and nature. Finally, it is necess_ ary to establish a viable worth viewpoint in present stage. In chapter Three, it researches the application and meaning of the idea of natural value, especially the application of the idea of natural value. Besides introducing the application of the idea in public policies and enterprises, and the influence to personal moral, it still emphasizes to analyze the application of the idea of natural in the Chinese environmental problems. It claims that we can manage the environmental problems with economics, laws, and administration, but we still establish"a worth view of making mankind the center and taking nature benefit into consideration"to guide mankind's fulfillment activity. We believe that under the leading of the idea, our country's environmental problems can certainly be solved successfully.