Mu-Fu Has Over Three Thousand Members During Life, While Owns Famous Mountains And Thousands Of Books After Death

As a kind of servant system which had the profound influence in Chinese history, Mu-Fu had been through repeatedly the rise and fall with the changes of relations between the central committee and the local committee. In the academic fields, the studies about this also have lasted about one century. But studies on the Qing Dynasty general's office, mostly concerned on late Mu-Fu primarily, such as Li Hongzhang's Mu-Fu, Zeng Guofan's Mu-Fu, Zhang Zhidong's Mu-Fu and so on, but very little referred to the early and intermediate Mu-Fu of the Qing Dynasty. In particular, on Bi Yuan's Mu-Fu chosen by this paper, as the most important Mu-Fu in the period of QianJia, at present only few studies has been done, or in other words, the study is only at the initial stage, which is obviously insufficient.This paper is mainly about Mu-fu and the academic achievements, which is elaborated in three chapters.In the first chapter, it's about Bi Yuan' studies and official experiences, which simply narrate the process of Bi-Yuan' studies and the official process.In the second chapter, it' about Bi Yuan' Mu-Fu, which is divided into three periods according to the places being an official---Shanxi, Henan and Huei, and each period is described respectively.In the third chapter, it's the academic achievements of Bi Yuan's Mu-Fu, in which shibu (historical records) and zhuzi(several famous persons) are particularly narrated, and others are only simply narrated.In addition, since the scale of Bi Yuan Mu-Fu is big and the relative people are more, the paper can't make a detailed introduction to all. Therefore, Bi Yuan's Mu-Fu table is attached at the end of the paper.