The Study On The Factors Influencing The Social-cultural Impact In Ethnic Tourist Destination

As the fast development of ethnic tourism in China, the negative social-cultural impact that the destinations of ethnic tourism are suffering become worse. From the angle of tourist destination, this paper discusses the factors effecting the social-cultural environment of ethnic tourist destination, and its application in management of ethnic tourist destination.Theoretical approach and case study have been employed in the paper. Firstly, after the study of related materials, the definition of the ethnic tourism and its characteristics are identified. Then theories in social science and anthropology are used in analyzing the factors which influence the social-cultural environment of tourist destination. Based on it, this paper proposes the approaches of controlling the social-cultural effects in the ethnic tourist destination from the angle of destination management. Finally, taking the Huimin Street in Xi'an as an example, this paper explain the application of the analysis of factors influencing tourist social-cultural effects in ethnic tourist destination.There are five results from this study :Firstly, the ethnic tourism is defined that it takes its regional culture, custom, the landscape of residents' social life as its attractions.Secondly, the ethnic tourism has five characteristics: regional, ethnical, folk, peripheral, the dependence on its ethnic people. The basic difference between ethnic tourism and other kinds of tourism is that the regional ethnic people in tourist destination are the basic attraction.Thirdly, the mechanism of social-cultural impact of tourist destination. Because of the coming of tourists, tourist destination changes from a self circle system to another stable system with new balance. However, there are two different results: the development of social-cultural environment or the degeneration of social-cultural environment, for the different effects of control on social-cultural impacts.Fourthly, the factors of effecting social-cultural environment in ethnic tourist destination. In the respect of tourist characteristic, the respective numbers of tourist, the type of tourist, the sense of superiority of tourist in material and culture influence the social-cultural environment of destination. In the respect of destination, the adoption of culture from outside, the degree of participation in local tourism, the characteristic of tourist server, the location of tourism in regional economy and the pattern of spatial development of destination influence the destination's social-cultural environment.Fifthly, the approaches of controlling the destination's social-cultural impacts : controlling the number of tourist and the quality of tourist, enhancing the degree of participation of local tourist development, choosing the content and pattern of the commoditization of local culture, enforcing the select and control of investment from outside.