The Study On City Location Of An-ding Prefecture And Its Belonging County At Jing River Upper And Middle Reaches In Han Dynasty

County level city is the Chinese stablest basic unit of political power county level organization which setting time is the longest and best stability, its officer is appointed by the central government, and the tie between the central government and the people. Our country renowned history geographer academician Tan' Qixiang once pointed out:"The county is first grade of administrative division in Chinese history, We must to put aside as useless, assign to at county level administrative division certainly and, the change name, membership change, seat of local government migrate and have jurisdiction over border to be flexible to find out one by one just probably clearly pay attention to the change of administrative division from China completely."Except it has important academic value ,the urban development problem has historical succession. Study on the location of urban city and changes at county level has a crucial practical significance for regarding today administrative plan, overall arrangement and transformation of the regime at county level and has important realistic meanings.The Jing river upper and middle district lies in thoroughfare of ancient" Silk Road " from Chang an westwards. This area is the strategic area to ensure military defense of GuanZhong district .The county town of this district looks like pearls worn on " Silk Road ", glitteringly give out light in the long river of history. They have stood the baptism of the war, Have witnessed the travelling businessman's exchanges,and accepted the edifying of outside culture. It has offered the stage for the nationality merges,and has create magnificent culture. So, there are very important academic value and realistic meaning in the research with seat of local government of county town and changes of Han Dynasty of this area.This text has systematically investigated the location of the cities of 17 ancient county towns that belonged to An' ding prefecture in Han Dynasty at Jing river upper and middle reaches through comprehensive research means such as literature research, field Investigate, unearthed relics criticize of a text. And also has discussed some county towns,divide and combine, the membership, the migration of the seat of local government. In order to restore its historical appearance, thus offer the accurate space position for the activity in respects such as a lot of great politics, military, economy, culture,etc in this district in history, Further offer historical experience for today's urban constructionIn in this district.This research regards changes of the city location as the centre, discovered six sites of ancient citiein in Pengyang county, there are four sites of ancient citie in Chaona county, three sites of ancient cities in Lingjing County, nine sites of ancient citie in Sanshui county,other county also have the location changes of cities. This research has solved the dispute for a long time on Location position of Sanshui county, Chaona county, Pengyang county and Lingjing county, It also discovered the ancient city sites about Fuyi,Anding,Anbi,Fulei,Wushi,Rouzhi and Wuan, Has solved the problem that the location of the above-mentioned cities is unidentified. And has confirmed the geographical coordinate of the location of ancient cities through GPS.This text still carry on essential verifications,lesks and corrects about the position of An' ding prefecture and the county town positon that belong to the An' ding prefecture in Han Dynasty that has marked in" China's historical atlas "and" China historical name voluminous dictionary".This texte except paying attention to the textual criticism to relevant historical documents on the research approach, Also especially pay attention to the field investigation, as well as the application about the materials such as archaeology, stratigraphy, Expect to draw the scientific conclusion.