The Study On The Early Foreign Trade Development Of Nanjing National Goverment

In the period of Nanjing National Government, China was in an infrequent relatively steady period in which was beneficial to the economic construction and China's economy had a rapid development. In this period, the economic association became frequent between China and foreign countries. The society and economy structure of China was influenced greatly by the West's industry products, productive technology and management ideas. The development of foreign trade particularly provided a chance to the transverse comparison between different countries and productive methods. The development of foreign trade in the process of China's modernization should the high research value.The world's economic history proved that the industrialization is the theme of the economic development. While in course of the countries'industrialization, there is a close inherent connection between their industrialization process and foreign trade development. The foreign trade could realize the capital and technology factor which is needed in industrialization process. Besides, it could adjust the supply and demand of the market and optimize industry structure. The history function of the foreign trade in industrialization process proved that the realization of the foreign trade in industrialization process proved that the realization of the industrialization in Britain, America and Germany were through the function of foreign trade which began the course of rapid development of economy in these countries.Nanjing National Government's(1927-1937) foreign trade development status. In the perspective of trade value and volume between China and other countries, the foreign trade experienced the following stages, the balance development stage between 1927-1931, the declining stage between 1932-1935, the recovery stage between 1936-1937. In the perspective of export and import commodity structure, the import goods are mostly consumption materials but the proportion of productive materials rise and the proportion of consumption materials decline. While in the export commodity constitution, the elementary production holds the main parts which show China's resource advantages and China is still the material place of the Western industry countries. In the perspective of trade pattern between China and foreign countries, the trade between China and foreign countries is divided into five forms, China and Japan, China and America, China and Germany, China and Britain, China and Southern Ocean. The former four trade patterns occupy the dominate position which constitutes the main structure of the trade between China and foreign countries. Although the proportion of the trade volume between China and Southern Ocean id minor, it is a valuable abroad market of China's industry product which forms another kind of external factor of industrialization. While the trade balance status displays that the trade condition became worse, the unfavorable balance of trade and unbalanced trade condition became serious.The factor analysis of Nanjing National Government's foreign trade development. In the perspective of international environment, the foreign trade development experienced the influence of"the world's economic crisis","the Silver Act"and"9·18 incident". In the perspective of industry foundation, the National Government strengthens the country's control to the economy which turns the financial monopoly into the industrial monopoly. The rise of National monopoly capitalism has a direct impact on the foreign trade development. In the perspective of thinking basis, the thought of industrialization becomes the mainstream of China's economic thinking development. The economic thoughts made by the foreign trade policy have a great influence to foreign trade development. In the perspective of policy basis, National Government enacts a series of foreign trade policies subsequently for the purpose to create certain policy circumstance for the export and import trade. The foreign trade policy in this period expressed an obvious independence. In the perspective of legislative basis, the National Government's economic law system plays a role in the areas of adjusting the economic development, forming the market subject's action and promoting the development of foreign trade.The function of Nanjing National Government's (1927-1937) foreign trade development in the process of industrialization. In ten years of National Government, the average increasing rate of industry development reaches 7.6%. The modernization degree of China's industry increases gradually and an obvious advanced sense exists. Because of the development of foreign trade, the rise id National capital, the transport of foreign capital and the steady development of civilian capital promote the capital accumulation of the industrialization development. Because of foreign trade development, the reasonable and scientific of the technology introduction, the interact promotion between technology advancement and innovation of the industrialization development. Because of the foreign trade development, the proportion of industry rises gradually, the proportion of agriculture and manual production decline gradually, light industry has made a great development, heavy chemical industry begins a starting, all above promote the transform of the industry structure.