China's "the Boycott Movement" And America's Policies In 1905

Before the Opium War, because the closed autarky feudal natural economy played the dominating role in China, the Qing dynasty prohibited Chinese workers from working abroad. After the 19th century,the policies of Qing dynasty became more and more relaxed with the development of economy and politics. After the Opium War, China opened its gate to the world, while, at the same time, the capitalism outside China was in its fast development. The capitalistic countries were in great demand of large number of Chinese workers to satisfy the fast developing of both domestic and colony.economy. After the second Opium War, Chinese working abroad became legal after"Anti-Chinese persuasion".At that time, the USA was in high-speed development. The discovery of gold mine fascinated a large number of Chinese workers to make a living there, while in China, some society problems such as peasant uprisings, natural disasters, feudal war and so on, all of which obliged many peasants go abroad. In 1870s, America had the capitalistic economic crisis and the Civil War, which evoked the Chinese exclusion movement and since then, as a result, in more than 20 years'time, a series of policies to exclude Chinese were being carried out. For those, the Qing dynasty made the negotiation to try his best to protect overseas Chinese people's profits, in which the main part is the foreign legation, although it failed at last, but led to the explosion of the boycott movement in 1905. The boycott movement was the result of American exclusion bill. All Chinese living in San Francisco debuted against-prohibition movement. In May 1905, in Shanghai and Guangzhou the business circles held the meeting to summon all the Chinese people to join this movement, which soon spread all over the world and formed countrywide-scale boycott movement, but owning to foreign pressure, the Qing dynasty issued to prohibit all the movements.The boycott movement made a big hit to the economy of America, whose trade with China fell rapidly, but this economical hit wasn't fatal for a vigorous capitalistic country. Comparing to the old capitalistic countries, America was weak in military affairs, but his economy was on the top of the world. Considering from distance, America worried that China would close door to him, because his"open door"policy was against his"Chinese exclusion policy", so America adjusted his series of policies, which became more obvious after President Roosevelt took his post. The handing back"boxer indemnity"was one of the direct results.Handing back"boxer indemnity"was the direct result of the boycott movement, which also accelerated at some degree. At another hand, handing back"boxer indemnity"stimulated the development of Chinese modernization, especially Chinese modern education.