Ernan And The Amenity And Music Culture In Zhou Dynasty In The Book Of Songs

Ernan Plays an important role in The Books of Songs, always being thought highly of by the researchers. In the past dynasties, a lot of scholars have studied on the issues such as the nomination, terrain, time and cultural property. But there are still very big arguments, and prevalent misunderstandings on some crucial issues. Therefore, more external and accurate conclusions can be drawn only when Ernan is studied under the background of amenity and music culture in Zhou Dynasty. Based on amenity system in Zhou Dynasty, this article carries out a detailed study and analysis on Ernan, in three parts.The first part begins with the terrain and its nomination of Ernan, takes into account such geographical opinion as Zhou citizen thought of Luoyi as the very center of the world and a square nation system in Zhou Dynasty, and carries out a textual research after cross references to kinds of documentation. It first differentiates and analyses all kinds of parlance about the nomination of Ernan in past dynasties, i.e."nanhua doctrine","nanguo doctrine","nanyue doctrine"etc. Secondly, it elucidates the cause of the nomination as Ernan, and also analyses the area of terrain of Ernan with reference to the individual poems. The author thinks that the nomination of Zhounan and Shaonan has a close relation with their terrain. Zhounan was the south to Chengzhou. According to the explanation in Kong Yingda's Correct Meanings, Shao was the alias of inner Zhou. And thus, it is more appropriate to study Zhounan and Shaonan together. Shaonan should be the southern Chengzhou, i.e. a part of Southern Nation in Zhou Citizens'opinions.The second part mainly expounds the issues on the propagation of the culture in Zhou Dynasty and the cultural property of Ernan. First, compared with other parts in Selected National Ballads, it discusses the propagation and effect of the amenity and music culture in Zhou Dynasty. This article starts the discussion from Zhougong's creation on amenity and composing music. Then it describes the highly united property of the cultures when the world was enveloped under the cultures of amenity and music during the time of West Zhou. And it also narrates the phenomena of Zhou cultures'spreading to the tribes around and its inosculations with cultures of all tribes. Second, it elucidates Ernan's property through relating to the political and geographical changes and the time variances of the regional cultures in Zhou Dynasty. As for the issue of the cultural property of Ernan, a lot of researchers thought that Ernan should be Chu's ballad since it was not seen in the fifteen nations'ballads. This is a wrong opinion achieved after observing historical phenomena without linking the ebb and flow of tribal influences to the development and variance of regional cultures. Aiming at the Chu's ballad doctrine of Ernan, it discusses on the tribal cultural property of Ernan.The third part elucidates the civilizing function and the connotation of aesthetic culture of Ernan, based on the detailed analysis of its works. This article first starts its discussion from the political civilizing function exposed by a proverb as"civilizing people of the world so as to smooth the relationship between husband and wife"in The Summary of Guanju, and also analyses the elucidation of The Summary of Poem to the main points of essays from Ernan. Secondly, with reference to Ernan's poems regarding family and marriage as its important matters, this article probes into Ernan's aesthetic cultural connotation from such three aspects as the consistence between family ethics and aesthetic opinions, the beauty of neutralization, and the combination of beauty and kindness.