On Academies In Shanxi Province During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

The education may promote people's knowledge and skill, affects people's thought and the conduct. Therefore education play the key role. How does our ancestor educate? Perhaps some people can say that, our ancient China specially the Ming and Qing Dynasties has the Imperial School in the capital. There are many schools in the province and the state and the county where educate the students. These school are the official's education system. But the non- official's education system can more reflect ancient China educated development condition than those official's education system. Academy is a kind of the non- official's education system. China's academy educates extremely developed, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The article discusses the ancient academy in Shanxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The paper divides into five major parts:The first part is academy's distribution in the Ming and Qing Dynasties of Shanxi. First, the academy develops rapidly, especially the Qing Dynasty, not only the quantity increases, but also the distribution widely. Second, academy's region distribution is not balance, south and middle of Shanxi develops rapidly. But the north of Shanxi develops slowly.The second part is academy's characteristic in the Ming and Qing Dynasties of Shanxi: First, the academy exists shortly and not continuously. Second, the academy gradually hastens the official study. Third, academy does many sacrificial activities. Forth, academy enhances the moral education.The third part is academy's management and teaching. Mainly elaborated academy's organization, function, the funds origin, the disbursement as well as the curriculum, the teaching, the rewards and punishment to students.The fourth part is the reason of the academy prosperous in the Ming and Qing Dynasties of Shanxi: First, government's support. Second, primary official's value. Third, manners and customs influence.The fifth part is academy's historical function and significance in the Ming and Qing Dynasties of Shanxi: First, the academy invites many authority teachers so to open the new way in education. Second, the academy trained many talented persons for Shanxi province and the whole country. Third, the academy sacrificed to the education of Shanxi.