A Study On The Group Of Magistrates Of Prefectural,Subprefectural And Districts Of Shanxi Province During The Ming And Qing Periods

In the Ming Dynasty,the Fuzhou Prefecture officials of Datong,Taiyuan and Chun'an Prefectures mainly came from nearby provinces.They were born in the imperial examinations,supervised students,and recommended.Their term of office was shortened,and they were not fixed as prescribed by the system.Sometimes they were born as supervisors.The county's county magistrate or the main book will be promoted to the magistrate,and the history of the birth of the employee is hopeful.Although they are both Fuzhou county magistrates,they are officials in different regions and at different times.Due to political,economic,and military reasons,there will still be differences.Although most people in the academic circles believe that the Qing dynasty system did not make major changes in the local administrative divisions compared with the Ming dynasty,the prefectures of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Shanxi Province were born,born,tenured,and There are still some differences in terms of other aspects.The prefectural officials of the prefecture have had an impact on the local politics,economy,culture,and people's livelihood.In particular,the county magistrate directly faces the grassroots people and is a so-called "pro-democracy official".Their good character and high level of ability will have a considerable impact on the local politics,economy and culture.Generally speaking,the prefectural magistrates passed the measures of the Gucheng Dianchi,the renovation of weapons,the supervision and training of soldiers,the guarantee of the prison,the suppression of the rebellion,the punishment of the "untouchables",the strictness of the squad,the fight against the tyranny,and the request for the people.Maintaining local security and stability;they develop local economies and ensure the completion of the servitude by supervising production,rectifying servitude,hiring exiles,building water conservancy,preparing for food,quailing poverty,praying for rain,exempting servitude,and removing bad grievances.The maintenance of people's livelihood;they develop local education through measures such as building a college,subsidizing the lives of students and caring for students.If the prefectural officials of the Fuzhou County are outstanding in their performance and will be promoted after nine years of examination,they will generally be promoted.Due to the retention of the people or the needs of the localities,some state and county officials who have been promoted after the test are promoted to stay inoffice,and some officials are still in charge of the affairs of the original Fuzhou County after being promoted.The county magistrate is the levy of the state taxation.It is their statutory duty to complete the levy and expropriation,but they are also the managers of the grassroots people.It is also their statutory responsibility to protect the people's livelihood.Due to the low level of social and economic development,there is often a conflict between the completion of the national servitude task and the protection of the people's livelihood.Therefore,the prefecture of the prefecture is the contradiction between the country and the people.