The Research On Tibet's Chorographies During Qing Dynasty And The Republic Of China

During the course of 5000 Years, the Chinese nation has created an extremely brilliant culture and has not suspended, being correlation with a continuous historical important factor which has played a role, and which has been inmaintainingsolidarity.The important factor is a Multigeneration's recordation never annihilated and a broad array of literature classics.According to scholars' estimate, there are about 100 thousand species of China's ancient books,of which it is the chorography. The chorography accounts for about one-tenth, more than 9000 kinds. According to "The United Content of China's chorography ", there exist 8,264 kinds of statistics, no fewer than 110 thousand rolls. The chorography in the literature of ancient China is the oldest, but also one of the most important categories. There were local museums in France and the former Soviet Union but without the chorography ; There were geographical recordation in Western countries, but no the chorography which embodied the main administrative divisions and geography,history,characters, literature unique form of China' chorography. This outstanding cultural tradition is our pride and precious legacy our ancestors have left us.The chorography has compiled in all Chinese dynasties. To the development of the Qing Dynasty, The chorography compilation reached its peak,there were 5,685 kinds of public and private chorographyin Qing Dynasty; also 1255 kinds in the Republic of China,a total of 6,940 kinds. Among these in accordance with the author's definition,there were 46 species Tibet' chorographies in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. The 46 species came into being in three concentrated stages: first from the end of Kangxi Emperor to the early years of Qianlong Emperor (about 1720 - 1750),there were nine kinds ; of the second period from the end of Qianlong to Daoguang late (1791 - 1850), including eight kinds; and the third is from the emergence of British troops invaded Tibet to the end of the Anti-Japanese War (1888 -1945), including 29 species. This every-three batches Tibet' chorographies of correspondence in the background of the times is Tibet's troubled times,and it is utterly different from the hinterland provinces-repaired background,the hinterland provinces is flourishing in age-general, the emergence of Tibet' chorographies is from the possession of chaos. Of course, compilation purposes are by the basic agreement, they are the reflection of the Government would understand that the situation, they are the witness of which the empire are unified with, are aimed at funding governance, at the history conserve and education. Tibet' chorography in period of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China is in possession of a distinctive national characteristics and geographical characteristics. Mainly as follows: Rich name,novel titile, novel style , private compilation more than officials',other written more than self's , slightly more than complex, province chorography more than county chorography. In addition, there are combined chorographies.In this paper, the first chapter expatiates the title on justice, recalls the history of academic-research, presentates the information sources;â…¡,â…¢andâ…£respectively expatiates the three batches of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China on the historical background, the conditions, profiles, features,value and impact; sectionâ…¤andâ…¥, respectively study the author, the time ,the locations of "Overview of Tibet " and "Tibet chorography "; outline in Chapterâ…¦of the formerâ…¥content.