| Inhibitory control is an important cognitive component, and participates in a variety of cognitive function related to the frontal lobe. Generally it refers to the capacity of suppressing irrelevant responses when one pursuits of a cognitive target. The content of inhibitory control usually includes: inappropriate responses of preferential; Information which has been activated but has nothing to do with the immediate task; irrelevant information. Damaged inhibition will lead to the activation, maintain and extraction of irrelevant information, thereby affecting the processing of the information. Inhibitory mechanisms can be observed at different levels, and many researchers noted that inhibition can be divided into several independent processes; it has different operational characteristics and can be applied to different environments. Inhibitory control is considered an important component of executive function, and relates closely to working memory.Studies in Developmental Psychology revealed that the development of inhibitory control follows an inverted U-shaped curve: persistent development in childhood youth peaked and then began to decline. Recently researchers concern the reasons for the poor performance of inhibition in children and the old, based on existing data, reasons causing children and the elderly's poorer task performance than adults' are not same, The difference between children and adults' task performance is based more on the neural activation, while older adults' poor performance is based more on the slower processing speed. With the extensive application of neural imaging technology in psychology, the neural basis of inhibitory control also cause for concern. Researchers use different tasks, and find some cortical regions related to inhibition, but due to the complexity and variety of the tasks they use, we need more research to confirm these results.One of the reasons why researchers could not definite inhibition control precisely is its complexity of the structure and it is involved in many important cognitive activities. Recently, some researchers concern about the inhibition control of different materials: Are there any differences? This concern stems from the in-depth study of the central component of working memory. The study of the three components of working memory is unbalanced on quantity and the interpretation of the results. There are most studies of phonological loop, although the research of visuo-spatial sketchpad is difficult, due to some researchers explore factors supporting the Visual Image, such studies of the storage space provided a lot of valuable results. There is least studies on the central executive system, which may be due to its complexity. A lot of empirical data supported verbal and spatial working memory were separate, but so far the difference between the two was described only at the level of external subsystem, some recent data implies that in the central structure of working memory may exist a certain degree of particular fields. That is, different materials have different inhibitory control mechanism.Another part comes from studies of the neural mechanisms of inhibition control. The function of PFC relates closely to inhibitory control. Some theoretical model describes PFC differentiates with the cognitive process, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex relates to maintaining the information, and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex relates to the manipulation and control of information. Another theory thinks that PFC is organized in accordance with the content of the inhibitory control, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex maintain information of objects, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex maintain spatial information, brain imaging studies supporting the latter concerns about whether different inhibition activate a common cortical region or different cortical regions.Palladino and his partners explore verbal and visuo-spatial tasks involving comparable levels of inhibitory control. Their data are consistent with theoretical models of working memory suggesting that modality-specific effects emerge even in central processes. Most of past studies about different materials use English words as verbal materials, one target of this study is to explore whether the performance of inhibition differs with Chinese characters and spatial materials. In Experiment 1, we did some changes of Palladino and his partners' experiment 2, added a group of vowel materials, explored the inhibition of three materials: visuo-spatial,words,vowei . In experiment 2, we used Chinese characters and visuo-spatial materials, and we compared the inhibition of words and vowels.Based on the results of adults' performance, we wonder whether children have different inhibition of different materials, and whether the inhibition of different materials has different development speed. At present there is no research involved in this issue. In Experiment 3, some pupils were tested, using Stroop similar tasks to inspect the tracks of different inhibition in development.The conclusions of this study are: in conflict situations in the working memory tasks, adults' performance of inhibition visuo-spatial and words are different. This is in accordance with the Western country'. In the working memory tasks, adults' inhibition of visuo-spatial materials and Chinese is similar. In Stroop tasks, reaction times of digital material was significantly larger than spatial material in children of grade 1,2 and 5. The difficulties of the two tasks is similar, and have reached more than 90 per cent, children can well understand and accomplish the tasks. Inhibition of the two materials have different development trajectory. there was no obvious growth of inhibitory control of the space in 7-8 years, much growth from 8 to 11 years; and the inhibitory control of numbers has a significant growth in the 7-8 years old. In 7-8 years old inhibitory control of the two materials appeared separation in development. In childhood, the visuo-space material and digital materials have different inhibitory control mechanism.
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