Relief And Control: Research On "Liuyang Zisong" Policy Of Qianlong Government In Qing Dynasty

"Liuyang Zisong" is the main government policy of refugee relief. Qing, as the last dynasty of ancient China, its autarchy system was at its height, and its relief system was developing in face of new problems. For such a centralized government, how to deal with those natural disasters and the relevant social changes? Even though the relief system of Qing dynasty was regarded as the most complete one of all ancient dynasties, it also had its own contradictions. Confronting with frequency disasters and numerous refugees, Qianlong government chose to compress the "Liuyang Zisong" policy adopted in past dynasties.This dissertation focuses on the abolition of "Liuyang Zisong" system in Qianlong period and traces back to relevant situations in former dynasties and latter periods to analyze the problems existed in practice. It investigates into the changes and reasons of Qianlong government's refugee policy and tries to explore the effects and influencing factors of this policy reform. This dissertation mainly consists of three parts. Firstly, the establishment of "Liuyang Zisong" policy in Qing Dynasty. Secondly, the reform process carried out by administrative directions from central government and the emperor. Thirdly, comments on practical effects of the reliefpolicy reform.In the end, Qianlong government took "Control" over "Relief for the refugee policy.