Research On Relief Refugee During The Period Of Anti-Japanese War In ChongQing

Relief service plays a very important role in alleviating the contradiction in social development and safeguarding social stability and improving people’s living conditions. During the Anti-Japanese War period, the importance of relief work became much more outstanding, and the relief work was a vital problem which involved enhancing power resistance and fighting for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Just for that reason, the government and all sectors of the community were how to carry out develop the relief work in order to enhance the power of resistance? This is a worth researching content. In recent years, the study on relief of the Anti-Japanese War has aroused concern among the historical academic circles, which has made a series of achievements, but in some areas, it also left for further space, such as for a comprehensive study of the remedy of Chongqing area being less.In this paper, regarding the period of Anti-Japanese War as the time limit and Chongqing as space restriction, and regarding refugees and the special group of refugee children and beggars and moved inside knowledge women as the research object, we show three-dimensional relief prospect from governments at all levels to social organizations and individuals through the necessity of relief and the relief subject and relief concept and relief policies and relief measures and relief effect and so on many aspects, and we strive to have breakthrough in the research wartime relief through studying on the regional project history of the special period and special region area.The first chapter, firstly, expounds the particularity of Chongqing in wartime, and introduced the environment of the relief institutions. Chongqing is located in the southwest, and it is away from the battlefield, and it is relatively safe areas, and it is a must pass place along the Changjiang River to Sichuan, therefore the superior geographical position and convenient traffic attracted part seeking safety habitat evacuees to this place. In addition, National Government moving to Chongqing made the political position of Chongqing unprecedented increase in the Anti-Japanese War period. And southeast coastal all walks of life in a move of the boom because the Japanese robbing and bombing, under the influence of moving people, evacuees who followed the National Government in order to solve the problem of the livelihood and aftered many tossing and turned to here. Secondly, it expounds the basic situation of need to relief person, and it analysis the dynamic phases process of the refugees move to the rear area, and it introduces the main part of the refugee children’s, and it expounds the basic situation and moved reason of moved inside knowledge women, and it introduces the reasons of the beggar and its components in the Anti-Japanese War period in Chongqing.The second chapter describes the necessity of relief work in the Anti-Japanese War period in Chongqing. First,it is the need of saving people’s lives and protecting talent. For all kinds of relief groups who life difficult and medical and health no security and life no guarantee.but they were all important strength of countries and social construction. Second, it is the need of stabling social order. The disorder of Chongqing society was the result of many factors,but all kinds of needing relief groups gathered together bring some influence to Chongqing social, such as rising prices and affecting social stability and affecting other residents’ normal, this is also one of the necessity for relief work.The third chapter mainly analysis the diversified characteristics of relief subject in the Anti-Japanese War period in Chongqing. The numerous and misery of need to relief personnel caused wide attention of government and all sectors of the community. From the National Government to the Chongqing municipal government, and to social organization and factories and enterprises and religious charities and international observers, they participated in relief work of refugee and refugee children and moved inside knowledge women and beggars in different ways.The fourth chapter mainly expounds relief thoughts and relief measures which were adopted in the Anti-Japanese War period in Chongqing. In the Anti-Japanese War period, the National Government and all sectors of the community both took the traditional thoughts of relief, such as thoughts being the obligation of government and regarding positive relief as the major measures, and accorded to the actual give full play to the traditional thoughts of relief, and actively advocated the thoughts that relief is rear people’s responsibility, and claimed the thoughts of suiting measures to different persons. By the guidance of these ideas, various relief agencies took emergency relief measures including the establishment for shelter, extend benefits and daily necessities, evacuation transfer, and positive relief measures including professional introduction, pamphlet lending, implementation of education, thought education, etc.The fifth chapter mainly analysis relief effect. Multiple relief subjects carried out the relief work through many of measures in the Anti-Japanese War period in Chongqing, and its effect is what and must be objective analysis. Firstly, we should be sure that relief work had made positive effect, and the relief provided basic life safeguard for a part of need to relief personnel and saved the people’s life and enhanced the resistance strength and trained construction talent. Secondly, because of the influence of the subjective and objective factors, the defects of relief were also very obvious, such as relief scope being limited and living conditions being poor and relief measures implementation being slack.The sixth chapter sums up the characteristics of relief in the Anti-Japanese War period in Chongqing on the basis of front chapters’ analysis and explanation. These features mainly display in the following areas:wartime relief having political nature, and national and social cooperating closely, and relief having different levels, and advance preparation and prevention mechanism being a process of perfection, and cooperation of the Communist Party and the Kuomintang in relief process, etc. These characteristics both include the inheriting and continuations of the traditional relief features and include new characteristics which adapt to the need for the war.Through comprehensive analysis the remedy of refugees and its special group in the Anti-Japanese War period in Chongqing, we come to realize that in the process of carrying out social relief, we should take the livelihood of the people in the first place, and according to actual condition, we should give full play to the country and society force and all force forms the system organization, and we should make the perfect rules and regulations and efficiently use social resources to safeguard the people’s life safety.