Intellectuals And The Debate About The Rural Reconstruction In Independent Critique Sight: 1932-1937

The Rural Reconstruction Movement, emerged in 19204930s, had aroused extensive concerns of social public at all aspects. Regarding the movement, there existed lots of appreciation, and of course, amid criticism and doubt. Known as its inclination of independent and free style, the Independent Critique was a political commentary publication, representing the group of well-known scholars' opinions to national and social problems occurred at that time. As a result, it had greatly influenced the Intellectual Circle and its people in it. Taking Independent Critique as the carrier and platform, the most representative ones, such as Hushi, Wu Jingchao, Chen Xujing, Dong Shijin, had carried on their comments on the Chinese Village Reconstruction. The debate was successfully initiated which was due to their rational opinions and of course, as a result of their vigorously efforts to seek the road of Chinese village economic development. This, in turn, called tremendous attention from the whole society.Facing the criticism and accusation, the Rural Reconstruction Movement leaders made positive response to it. They defended the Chinese Reconstruction Movement by means of spreading out its theories and achievements, rebutting criticism from opposite opinions. The center of debating, however, transferred from the Village Construction itself to the road to save the Chinese village and to develop the path that the national economic construction should take. Consequently, another argument was emerged: To develop our country by means of relying on agriculture or to set up a country that was industry-based?The debate about Rural Reconstruction was a written polemic among intellectuals different assertions of social transform in the 1930s. Under the background of estrangement between the modern Chinese intellectuals and the rural society, and also in the context of the rural society decline, such debates had reflected the anxiety and conflict of intellectuals in the 1930s, who made themselves outside of the true society. However, it also indicated that merely depending on intellectuals' participation is unable to solve the existent village problems. We should treat the Rural Reconstruction Movement guided by intellectuals rationally and be aware of the fact that Village Reconstruction needs multi-cooperation and a road that is diversified to take.