| Modern times, because of imperialist aggression, exploitation of the feudal rulers, warlords, and other causes of natural disasters after another decline of China's rural economy.Domestic political,all social groups were called for the Relief rural,rural renaissance,and they had many solutions into practice.The National Government under the stimulus of rural movement,launched a campaign of rural reconstruction, Henan province,big as an agriculture was also an important part of the movement.Under the guidance of the agricultural policy issued by the CPC central committee, through maintaining the rural social order, reducing the burden of farmers, rehabilitation of the rural economy, establishment of education and other measures,and so on.These measures had achieved certain effectiveness on saving the decline of rural areas. However, frequent natural disasters and wars failed to provide good environment for the movement. It was just a reform which failed to prevent the decline of Henan rural areas because it didn't change the rural relations of production and the land ownership. But they were a historical reference and a guidance of scientific theory for solving issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area in the contemporary era.This thesis includes three parts.The first part introduces the historical background of Henan Renaissance Movement in rural areas.In the 1920s and 1930s, due to domestic and international factors with the attack, the rural China showed a decline in 1930s.The land was concentrating into the few people, rural financial depletion, displaced farmers were difficult to survival. The class contradictions were very serious in the rural areas. This rural unrest was serious threat to the rule of the National Government. In order to save the rural areas and consolidate their rules, the National Government implemented a series of rehabilitation and development measures in the rural economy for rural rehabilitation Movement. Central Henan Province had ordered a series measures aimed at the "rural renaissance" in the political economic and cultural development. The second part describes the practice in Henan Rural Reconstruction Movement. Rural Reconstruction Movements expanded rapidly. Henan, as a major agricultural province, ordered a series of measures for the revival of rural areas under the promulgation of the central government. Politically, the reconstruction of rural social order, and enabled farmers to live and work. In the economy, finishing land taxes, the establishment of new financial orders and developing the rural economy and increased their income, so that farmers can continue production; In culture, the development of rural education, improving backward rural areas face, so that farmers learned new production techniques, from the root of the source to change the situation of rural backwardness. To some extent, these measures reduced the burden of farmers, on the serious crisis played a role in effective mitigation.The third part evaluates the Rural Reconstruction Movement of Henan Province. Although the campaign ultimately ended in failure, some ideas and specific practices are worthy of recognition, such as the revival of social orders and stability in rural areas, encouragement to construct warehouse to store grain, water conservancy, afforestations, development of rural education. Such specific measures, which are still necessary to address rural issues at present, are worthy of inheritance. To some extent,this movement made Henan rural areas development slowly. The campaign didn't completely solve the rural problems and achieve the purpose of a true renaissance in rural Henan, because it didn't change the relations of production and ignored the problem of the land system. This is not only the result of Henan province, but also a common phenomenon throughout China.The history had improved only by the total abolition of feudal land ownership can China solve the problem of rural land, to achieve the real purpose of the rural revival. |
PDF Full Text Request