A Contrastive Study On The Semantics Of Civil Transportation Words Of Chinese-English

The present study belongs to the category of contrastive linguistics. Comparison is a basic method for human to acquaint themselves with the world. With the aid of comparison, people can demonstrate the external features of the thing more clearly and comprehend the essence profoundly, which is helpful to reveal the the difference and common ground and to promote research on things. In order to find out the differences and similarities, we must do contrastive studies on different languages.The contrastive research on civil transportation words between Chinese and English is carried on the plane of lexical semantics. Taking civil transportation words exists in Modern Chinese Dictionary and The concise Oxford Dictionary as the major research object, we adopt quantitative and qualitative,descriptive and interpretative,microscopic and macroscopic research methodologies to compare and investigate civil transportation words from semantic distribution, semantic relationship and semantic features prospective.In his paper, we try to summarize the relationship between words represent civil transportation words and to analyze all the sememe from the aspect of synonymy, antonym and hyponymy. Finally, we penetrate into interior of all the sememes of the two languages to analyze and compare the semantic features. By comparison, this thesis not only reveals the differences and similarities between Chinese and English, but also explores the function of this research in the field of lexicography and language teaching.This thesis fell into 5 parts.The first part is a general introduction to the former study, including the contrastive study on chinese-english and contrstive study on chinese-english words, the aim and the significance of the study, as well as the methods we take in the paper.In the second part, we make a contrastive study on civil transportation words in Chinese and English from the angle of semantic distribution. Taking Jianming Hanyu Yilei dictionary and Roget's Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases as the reference, we make a contrastive study on civil transportation words on the basis of paradigms. The distribution of paradigms in both Chinese and English is basically the same, we divide all the words in Chinese into 9 paradigms and english 10 paradigms. We count, contrast and analyze the difference similarities between civil land transportation words in chinese and english.In the third part, we make a contrastive study on civil transportation words in Chinese and English from the angle of semantic relationship. In this part we mainly talk about the relation existed in the paradigms, such as synonymy, antonym, hyponymy and so on. We draw the conclusion that civil transportation word are basically corresponding in the aspect of synonymy, antonym, hyponymy while in the regard of co-taxonymy, either the quantity or the distribution are enomorous different.In the fourth part we penetrate into the interior of sememes in Chinese and English to contrast and analyze them. On the basis of paradigm, we analyze semantic feature of the sememe in the paradigm and finally find the homologous semseme and semantic features.The fifith part is the conclusion of the thesis. We made a summary and analysis to the contrastive study on the sematic of civil transportation words in chinese and english. Also, the results of the thesis could be used in the field of second language teaching and compilation of dictionary.