Reserch On Liuzongzhou's Practical Learning Thought

Zongzhou Liu(1587-1645),styled Qidong and literarily named Niantai.Scholars called Mr.Niantai or Mr.Jishan.He was born in Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province.He succeeded in imperial examination at the highest level in 1601.After a while,he became an officer.Because he said a lot of words that made emperor unhappy,he was dismissed. HongGuang dynasty fell,and then Zhejiang provice also fell.However, he still held his manners to do things.Because he didn't eat anything for 23 days,he died.His character was worth to learn.He spent much time on teaching and writing in his life.He taught in Shoushan academy and Jishan academy.Many students went there and learned from him.Zongxi Huang and Que Chen were the most famous ones among his students. Zongzhou Liu emphasized Shendu and Chengyi in his systematic study. He was a terminator of the Songming Lixue and a founder for Jishan school.In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty,Yangming' theory appeared many abuses.This tendency went beyond the political realistic fence.That is traditional scholarship which was designed on the purpose of the academic services.The scholars of DongLin were leaders.They opposed Buddhism and Taoism and emphasized reading and advocated practical learning.Zongzhou Liu followed them and advocated practical learning.Under this background,this thesis would pay much attention to make a study on Zongzhou Liu's theory.This thesis includes four parts:Sectionâ… :Liu Zongzhou's life experience.His father had died before he was born.This special experience and environment made him develop a special character.He seldom laughed and talked with others.The time that he worked as a teacher more than as an officer.Fuyuan Xu was his teacher.At first,he learned ChengZhu Lixue,soon he changed his choice to Yangming's theory. Sectionâ…¡:Taking "The Great Learning" as an example,This thesis will get to Zongzhou's practical learning idea by this book."The Great Learning" is the first one among four books.The problem on its version was a focus of academic issues from late Ming to early Qing Dynasty. This problem was unresolved for a long time.Zongzhou Liu reconciled Zhu Wang,and he collationed the version of the "The Great Learning",at the same time he expounded the means of the "The Great Learning" and stressed "Jianlv" and "Wenjian".All these demostrated his "return from Wang to Zhu",a tendency of practical learning.Sectionâ…¢:It focuses on analysis of Zongzhou's practical learning through that he opposed Buddhism and Taoism.Songming Lixue referenced some ways from Buddhism and Taoism,especially Yangming's students confused Confucianiats with Buddhism and Taoism. Zongzhou's study prevented some of their wrong behaviors,corrected and saved Wang Yangrning's theory.Sectionâ…£:Analysis on Zongzhou Liu's explanation of YangMing's book.Zongzhou re-scheduled ChuanXi Lu,particularly on the conduct of Yangming's four new interpretation,which can best reflected the style of study and the important academic information in the special time.From this we could get the idea of advocating practical learning at that tiem.Zongzhou is the last man for the Yangming's theory,and his advocacy on practical learning had a certain effect on the rise of the spirit of respecting fact in the early Qing Dynasty.