A Study On The Relationship Between USSR And China's Xinjiang Province During The Anti-Fascist War

Xinjiang, an autonomous region, has maintained its prominence along the northwest frontier of China from the ancient time. Lying in the heartland of Euro-Asia Continent, Xinjiang has great strategic position. Adjacent to the former Soviet's Russian Soviet Socialist Republic, Kazakstan Soviet Socialist Republic, Kirghizia Soviet Socialist Republic, Tajikistan Soviet Socialist Republic to the north and south, the new joint borderline lasts over 2,000 kilometers, all of which brought into existence a special relationship between Russian and China Central Government both in Qing Dynasty and in the period of Republic of China. The paper primarily takes a review over the relationship between Soviet Union and Xinjiang Province in history, especially during the anti-fascist wartime (from 1931 to 1945), containing the respects of politics, economy, and military affairs, and then research on the reasons inducing this special relationship based on the theory of international relationship.The paper contains five parts. The first part elaborates the essence of the study, the status quo and the definition of the concepts related. The second part gives a brief review of the Tsar Russia's historical piliage towards Xinjiang Province and the unequal trade relations with Soviet Union in the reign of Yang Zengxin and Jin Shuren during the early Republic of China time, which reflects that Soviet Union had gained control of Xinjiang's Economy at that time. The third part recounts the special confederate relationship between Soviet Union and Xinjiang, as well as how the Soviet Union has penetrated its influence into the respects of politics, economy, and military affairs of Xinjiang, and then deliberately looks into the reasons inducing this special relationship. The fourth part expounds how the USSR-Xinjiang relationship has gone through twists and turns with a process from confederation to breach and the eventual repair of the relations, and continues to explain the causes with the hierarchical analysis method. The fifth part is the conclusion. It clarifies that Xinjiang has survived as part of China's territory despite the surging relationship with USSR during the anti-fascist war. Xinjiang's status of being self-governing but not separate bears much relation to the world's anti-fascist war as the USSR's control over Xinjiang has been greatly undermined with the stage of warfare moving to the European Continent, thus providing a promising opportunity for Chinese CentralGovernment to take control of the Xinjiang area.