A Study On The Monastery Laborers-Shabnar During The Qing Dynasty In Mongolia

The Shabnar were special laborers in Mongolian areas of the Qing Dynasty. They served the Mongolian monastery, the Hoddot, the living Buddha and the Lama banner. They were the main laborers and producers of the monastery economy. As a special class in Mongolian society, they enjoyed important positions in it and in the structure of the Mongolian monastery economy. Understanding the formation of the Shabnar, their forms of paying taxes and their subordinate relationship not only helps to have an overall understanding of the history of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolian areas, particularly for development of the monastery economy, but also has important research value and theory meanings in studying Mongolian history, religion and culture in the Qing Dynasty.This paper systematically discusses the Shabnar laborers during the Qing dynasty in Mongolian areas. It is done with referance to the remaining Mongolian records, related documents, local history, and social survey reports. It combines the related theories and methods of ethnic studies, economics, history and religion. This is done through combining the study methods of comparative history.This paper consists of a preface, text and conclusion,totaling more than thirty thousand words. The preface briefly introduces the purpose and the meaning of the choice of the subject, research situation, the related documents, the originality of the paper and the research methods. The first part mainly discusses the Shabnar's sources and structure. The second part mainly discusses the Shabnar's laboring form and their way of paying taxes. The third part mainly discusses the Shabnar's rights and their administrative patterns. Finally, the conclusion elaborates on the basic view of this thesis.