Analysis Of Factors Influencing Traditional Residence Settlement In Western Hubei

Traditional settlement is inhabiting carrier of living and production, and also the basic cell of the social structure and the cities' development. Rural settlements group , spreading widely and depositing deeply in Chinese traditional cultural history, which is an important component of the civilization of China,and the development of cities and towns throughout the history of memory and the local culture has its value of research and protection.As the part of Chinese traditional settlements, the traditional settlements in Western Hubei provide humanity with the right to survival, development conditions in a long time. Because of its geographical location and topography, Western Hubei has been in a long-term self-isolation of the situation, inconvenient transportation, economic development been slow, people generally not in high standard of living. However, with implementation of the policy of constructing a new socialist countryside, a large number of village-road have been constructed, bringing transport convenience to the residents; with the construction of Shanghai to Chengdu West Highway and the railway of Yichang to Wanzhou, the traffic conditions of Western Hubei have greatly improved. With the accelerated process of industrialization, economic structure has significant changes; Migrant workers has brought the urban culture which have a great impact on traditional culture; Particularly in the social macro context of a comprehensive reform, there are great changes and re-construct in the material and human space of traditional settlements. The traditional settlements in Western Hubei show their own charaeteristies through their particular geographie environment and culture. The settlement from the site layout, the structure of space-level, technology to deal with aesthetics, environmental geography, folk culture, geographical and cultural aspects of the research is of special value and practical significance.A lot of field trips and mapping of the traditional residence settlement based on Lichuan , Xian Feng of Enshi in Western Hubei were accomplished, trying to analyze its influence factors about the natural, humanities, economic factors. The specific contents are as following: natural factors focused primarily on geographical factors of the ecological environment, mainly demonstrating from five major aspects such as the climate, land, water, plants, energy ; humanities factors mainly focused on Fengshui, etiquette factors and defense function factors, mainly from the aspects of micro-analysis on the residential pattern based on the site, house living environment which principle is of hiding wind, in water, and for the sun , clan relations, settlement patterns, settlement trend and Cultural symbols ;economic factors mainly focused on the industrial model research, mainly analyzing from farming, business, agro-business integration. Through the analysis of the impact of these factors, the changes of the traditional residence settlement about the village site, layout, the structure of space-level, public space, traditional and cultural aspects were discussed ,and the specific measures of protection and development were proposed based on the analysis of the results.