| The truth is an enduring topic. Since Aristotle,with the impact of traditional concept,the truth has generally limited to the scope of epistemology.In particular the emergence of modern science,self-reflection of logic in spirist science was mainly restricted under the natural science'model whose host and guest was separated.Gadamer started from the ontology,took"understanding"as the core of hermeneutic theory.He made the truth towards to the art,history,language through practice,and from closed science field into understanding and life.In his theory"Truth and Method",Gadamer put forward and established the art truth,and took it as hermeneutic truth through a series of studies.He criticized scientific mothodology,which had important aesthetic and practical significance.Chapter 1. the Criticism of MethodologyAfter the Renaissance, the spread of scientific methodology has seriously hampered the development of human sciences,hindered explorement of the truth study.In Gadamer's view,inductive method and deductive method established by Francis Bacon and Descartes had made too much emphasis on the methodology of consciousness,which caused forgotten of the truth and ignored the existence of people.Gadamer had strongly negative attitude to the methodology of natural science which could not save the being problem,objected to the method of natural science applied in aesthetics.On the base of Heidegger's ontology, he developed a new system of hermeneutics.Reconstructed his teacher's art truth ,Gadamer revealed the truth : the understanding adapted to hermeneutics was human's being life.Gadamer's criticism to methodology of humanistic science major in the separation of traditional hermeneutics and reflection on Kant's subjective aesthetics.Schleiermacher's methodology focused on the returning of author's original intention.Dilthey took the understanding as the spirit and life of the past re-experience.In Gadamer,in fact,these trational hermeneutics was the variants in which natural science's methodology transplanted into humanistic tradition.In Kant's aesthetic therory,the aesthetic sense entirely depended on innate capacity and emotional reasonance of the main body,and"genius"as a aesthetic factor played a decisive role.Gadamer visited dominant concepts of the humanistic tradition, criticized subjective aesthetics and the practical significance's missing.In his opinion,it was the main tendency that made aesthetics alienate from reality day after day.Gadamer established a foothold for art truth through the criticism of methodology.In front of"truth"and"method",he made it clear that he just opposed to the natural science.His hermeneutics integrated ontology,epistemology and methodology and reflected the application of phenomenological method and dialectic method.Chapter 2.Seeking Art truth's Existence through Phenomenological methodGadamer's theory of art in the scope of the study has a special status.He took the art as a starting point to explore the truth,integrated hermeneutic method in it,which has unique artistic atyle and characteristic.Phenomenological method from Heidegger's thinking turned into internal ontology ,as an alternative to Husserl's transcendental phenomenology.This gave a great inspiration to Gadamer,and his hermeneutic phenomenological method that was from here.Game was the key concept with which Gadamer explored the truth.From it,art experience rose to ontology.Gadamer from game's self-existence explored the similar form of art truth,and made the consition that game is itself,it was player's self-expression and had the nature of self-identity.Gadamer explored the basic characteristics of game through phenomenologocal restore,and made critical dismantling of phenomenology to find that the art's existence is similar to that of the game.The art's existence just as games',and showed itself from the movement.It was awared continuously,meaning and reality were coexistenced at the same time in Festival.Gadamer's criticism on subjectivity had reached an unprecedented degree and shaked epistemology's mainly status fundamentaly.Chapter 3.Showing Art truth's Occurrence through Dialectic methodGadamer took"understanding"as the occurrence way of truth.His art truth developed on the center of"how possible the understanding was".From Heidegger's existential ontology,he inherited the dialectics of traditional thinking,made the understanding as a process of dialectical development,and strived to achieve the art truth through understanding.Gadamer's hermeneutics contains different dialectical factors,mainly performance in four areas: the dialectic hermeneutic circle,the experience of the dialectic,you and I between dialectics,the dialectics of dialogue,these areas mutualed with each other though the whole theory. The search for truth of Gadamer could not get away from the understanding . he thought the truth of the art come from the pre-understanding and the dialogue processed between understanding and arts,for this, he offered the"pre-understanding"being as the premise of the beginning of understanding to oppose the pure objective understanding. They penetrated each other between the artwork ,had the carrier of the time and the pre-understanding incurred at the same time . They had conversations on and on and at the same time reached the amalogamation of vision and zone and produced new understanding and meanings.The understanding realized itself through sublation and reflected dialectical relationship.The integration reached the unification of"effective history"is the reasult of the effect between artwork and understanding.That is the united of the identity and distinctiveness. The course of the dialogue between understanding and artwork was a ask and answer process.the logic of ask and answer was throughout the dialogue,which was the important way to reveal the truth. The person was pushed by the questions and required all the time along the pointed direction and opened the circle ask and answer to reveal the truth of the text.At the same time, human's real existence was reflected through in the logic of the ask and answer.Understanding is a dialogue.And the dialogue's performance is language expression.In Gadamer's hermeneutics, language revealed existence,reflected consciousness of ontology.As the language was speculative and non-fixed,the interpretation of the art truth would not be fully expressed.Gadamer's heimeneutics affirmed the value of art experience, given new meaning to artistic truth.His thinking from ontology level understanded problem and awared of the truth of non- deterministic.His hermeneutic aesthetics reflected the scientific and humanistic thought's integration, complement and infiltration.Based on the abandon of scientific method,it towards to the more general field of life. |
