The Discussion On The Senate During Yuan Shikai's Rule

After Yuan Shikai was elected president, he didn't satisfy with the desire for power. He ordered to dismiss the parliament and convened the meeting about law, about the development of new law. New Testament Law made the dictatorship of Yuan Shikai get to the peak. Yuan set up the Senate. President of the Senate is an advisory body that it was set up in June 1914 and was abolished June 1916.The special significance of its existence is that Senate acted all the functions of the Legislative Yuan. About the establishment of new law courts, although an order was released, until the failure to the monarchy , it could not be substantiated. Its functions are acted by the Senate. Senate members are appointed by Yuan, and they followed Yuan .That is to say Yuan directly controlled them. Yuan facilitated the establishment of such a Queen's institution in order to focus the right in his own hands firmly and implemented its dictatorship.Establishment of Senate whitewashed Yuan'democracy. This article on the Senate and the Legislative acted as a brief discussion, in order to reflect the integrity of the reign of the Northern Government's political system better.This article is divided into four parts for discussion. The first part: Introduction of the early years of the Republic, as well as the political situation arising from the Senate. Political situation was disorded after the Revolution. Sun Yat-sen was as the provisional president of Republic of China. After that Yuan Shikai usurped the fruits of the Revolution and became the President of Republic of China. AfterYuan Shikai acted as president, its Conference revised and added the Laws.On May 1, 1915, the promulgation of the "Republic of China about the Law" meant disillusionment of the bourgeois revolution in the legal system to limited Yuan. New law set up a Yuan Shikai'tool of the Queen's authority which covered up his autocratic system of autocratic rule. The organic Law of the Senate was formulated by Conference on the Law .The system of Secretary of the Office was announced by Yuan Shikai and the Senate Rules was made by the SenatePart II: Introduction of the main functions of Senate and its main activities. Senate is an advisory body to the President whose main functions were: discussing president's affairs, providing advice for Senate President, paying attention to president'special events, electing members and approving the Constitution. The functions of the Senate centralized in the Senate Yuan were big and were control led the power in their hands. Senate based on the functions of the exercise of its powers.Decision-making power was in Yuan Shikai'hands.â‘¢elected member of the drafting of the constitution: According to the New Testament law, the staff of the drafting of the Constitution nominated by Senate members and the constitution is approved by the Senate decision. Yuan members appointed by the drafting and approval to the Constitution. The Constitution was to protect only the interests of Yuan Shikai, to the rule of Yuan Shikai services.â‘£proposal to defend national sovereignty.The two years'existence of Senate its main activities were:â‘ the development of "Senate Rules of Procedure": Senate Rules of Procedure was divided into a master, to discuss, review and drafting, reading, the amendment vote, discipline, regulation have eight chapters, four 17.â‘¡consent case: "Army criminal laws" to seek the consent of the case, "national traitor" consent case. By the President to the Senate decided that the case for consent .Senate consent which had the only the right did not agree .There was no power of amendment. This meant that the decision by the Senate acted only a perfunctory Yuan as a means of democracy.Part III: the Senate acted the main functions of the Legislative Yuan and their activities. Senate Legislative Yuan to act as the main functions were as follows: That the law to decide on the budget, the people receiving the petition events, legal cases, such as the impeachment of the president.The provisions of the rights were so many that its running was restricted by the law and the Senate .At this time the Legislative Yuan has become a vassal of the executive power.Its main activities were:â‘ amending the electoral law of President so that Yuan Shikai became the life tenure president and into the direction of monarchy.â‘¡promoting the state system to change, nominating the emperor Yuan. Senate discussed and decided the "Organic Law of National Assembly" in the way of public opinion, named the Chinese Empire Yuan emperor. The Senate t played a role in adding fuel to the flames for Yuan monarchy.â‘¢discussing and deciding series of laws: "right method" "the implementation of law to punish acts of banditry", "Act to punish acts of banditry." The implementation of these laws repressed against the people's revolution, to some extent, improved the legal system in the Republic of China.Part IV: Evaluation of the Senate. First of all, the Senate and the Legislative Yuan to act was the product of political authoritarian Yuan. Senate Yuan's main role was to whitewash the accessories of bourgeois democracy .The act of the Legislative Yuan resolved a series of safeguarding the rule of law for Yuan . Secondly, the Senate was controlled by Yuan and only served for him.Finally, the Senate resolved a series of laws and regulations. From a dialectical perspective, the formulation of these laws and regulations was to strengthen the control of society and people, to combat and suppress the people's revolution, but to some extent, it improved the law in the Republic of China system.