On The Relationship Between Working Efficacy And General Well-being Of University Instructors In Chongqing

In the 21^st century,student management has been more and more challenging, owing to the fact that more and more complicated and tedious routine work have kept the instructors from investing adequate time and energy on ideological education to the students and increasingly fierce competition in society has brought pressure and anxiety to them about career building.At present,instructors are facing with problems such as overloads of work,role conflict,role ambiguity,increasing work pressure,and etc., which contribute to serious psychological health problems of the instructors.However, up to now,research concerning the psychological health of instructors has been ignored, compared with much concern about that of the university students,let alone research of working efficacy and subjective well-being,which are important evaluation factors of the psychological health of instructors.The writer had been an instructor in the higher institution for a long time and now she is responsible for instructors' management, therefore,the psychological health of this group has been her concern.And this paper makes some preliminary study on the working efficacy and subjective well-being of the instructors.A draft questionnaire was worked out on the basis of open-ended interviews,on which the final and formal questionnaire was produced after revisions.The questionnaire was conducted with reference to GWB(General Well-Being Schedule, Fazio,1977) in studying the relation between the working efficacy of university instructors and their general well-being.The result indicates that:(1)The questionnaire is of high reliability and validity,meeting the requirement of psychometrics study,and can be adopted to measure working efficacy for university instructors.(2)Of the four dimensionalities of working efficacy for university instructors,the overall working efficacy of university instructors are positive.And the scoring order of these four dimensionalities is as follows:1.interpersonal,2.executive,3.instructive,4. anti-down efficacy.(3)There are no significant differences between genders in terms of the four dimensionalities,but comparatively significant in the executive and interpersonal efficacy between people with different working experience;it is obviously different in the interpersonal and anti-down efficacy between people with different marital status; and great differences of anti-down and interpersonal efficacy are found between instructors with different academic credentials;there are comparatively significant differences of executive efficacy between full-time and part-time instructors;and no differences of instructive efficacy found on each factor.(4)The four dimensionalities of working efficacy have a significant impact on the instructors' subjective well-being,which agrees with expectations.(5)There is no significant differences of the scoring of well-being on the gender, age level,working experience,marital status,education level and full and part-time status of the instructors in Chongqing.