The Tmage Of Human In Zola's Naturalism Novel

The aim of this thesis is to discuss the image of human in Zola's naturalism novel and depart into two parts.In the first part, the thesis analysis Zola's notion about human.In his opinion, human is the carrier of instinct, the baby of heredity and the slave of environment. Emphsizing human's physiological instinct is one of the prominent features of Zola's naturalism novel. Human is the carrier of instinct, which is the important and preminent theme of Zola's work. In addition to instinct, Zola also attaches great importance to dig human's genetic factors when he dissects the human being. In his view, human's intellectual and emotional phenomenon will be influenced greatly by heredity. So,Zola's novels generally emphasiz the role of physiological heredity on human being and try to explain human's various acts from the perspective of Human Genetics. Zola emphasize people's instinct genetic and other biological characteristics, but it doesn't mean that he ignores the society of people. In Experimental fiction theory, one of his most important thesis, he repeatedlly refers to that external environment or social environment have a great influence on people, including concrete habitation, social environment and the deep cultural environment.The second part primely discusses the reason and the cultural valu of Zola's notion about human,which is closely related to his time. In the latter half of the nineteeth century, the bourgeoisis got into a decadent, declining, fester and reactionary class from a ascensive and advanced class. Human's ugliness was exposed altogether. Faced with the social reality, romanticism and realism had gradually lost the combat effectiveness and critical feature. On the other hand, in Europe, scientific technology became flourishing under the impetus of the industrial revolution. Science had inflitrated the entire superstructure and was popular in various cultural fields. Zola went into the literary world in the scientific and cultural atmosphere and begun to study human being as a novelist. In addition, Zola's notion about human is also closely related to the studying results of natural science. Darwin's theory of evolution, Bernard's Introduction to Experimental Medicine. Kongde's positivism philosophy and Thunder's art philosophy exert a strong influence on Zola. He grudually formed a new awareness about human. Based on the research results of natural science, Zola observed people from a new perspective. He begun to look at people from biology, physiology and genetics perspective. Zola's notion about human had broken the myth such as "human being are the essence of the universe","people are the long Hope of all things" in previous literature works, and deeply affected the modern literture.