The Failure Of Mukden's Self-governing Dream By The Japanese Invaders

In 1933, the Inner Mongolian nobility put up the banner of"high-degree autonomy"and made demands of national autonomy. At that time, the Northeast China and the eastern part of Inner Mongolia had already fallen to the Japanese occupation, and the western part of Inner Mongolia was also in the danger of being annexed by the Japanese invaders. In the meantime, the No.2 leader of Xilinguole League-Mukden (the regent of Xilinguole League), hand in gloves with the Mongolian nobility and the representatives from the Xilingele, Ulan Qab and Ih Ju Leagues, tossed out the slogan of"high-degree autonomy"in Inner Mongolia and took the lead in launching a campaign for the self-governing of Inner Mongolia within the areas ruled by the National Government. The notion of"Great Mongolia"was deeply embedded in Mukden, so he was ambitious to establish a"Mongolian empire". After the campaign for high-degree autonomy in Inner Mongolia within the areas ruled by the National Government failed, He shifted his tack to cooperate with Japan's Kwantung Army.Since his voluntary trip to Xinjing for colluding with Japan's Kwantung Army in the winter of 1935, Mukden had been politically, militarily and economically used by Japan as a puppet to facilitate its invasion of the Inner Mongolia. Mukden had the wishing thinking of achieving his political ideal of an independent Mongolian country by cooperating with Japan's Kwantung Army. As his contradiction with Japan's Kwantung Army increasingly deepened, Mukden started to cooperate with Japan's Kwantung Army in a passive manner. The surrender of Japan finally pricked the bubble of Mukden's political dream of establishing an independent Mongolian country by counting on the Japanese imperialists.The"narrow nationalism"of Mukden caused his defection from his motherland and his country. By studying the relationship between Japan's Kwantung Army and Mukden, we can give exposure to Japan's ambition of invading China in an indirect way.