On E-C Translation Of Biblical Allusions In Ulysses From The Perspective Of Cognitive Schema In Bell's Translation Process Model

As the essence of the English language, allusions are crystallization of western nations'history and culture. English allusions are mainly derived from the Holy Bible, ancient Greek and Roman myths, folk slang, customs, English literature as well as other fields in the western social life. Among them, biblical allusions have formed an important category of English allusions for their characteristics of brevity in words, profoundness in semantics, and meaningfulness in aftertaste. As the Holy Bible has a great impact on the western world and stories and characters derived from it are widely known, English and American writers always quote biblical allusions consciously or unconsciously in their works to make their viewpoints easily accepted by readers and enrich the connotations and deepen the themes of their works. James Joyce is one of these writers and he used many biblical allusions in Ulysses. As the study of biblical allusions in it can help readers to appreciate this masterpiece further, Ulysses is chosen as the research data of this dissertation. This dissertation focuses on the original text of Ulysses written by Joyce (published in 1986) and two Chinese versions translated by Xiao Qian & Wen Jieruo (published in 1994)and Jin Di (published in 1994 and 1996), and conducts research on translation of biblical allusions in Ulysses.Up until now, scholars have classified biblical allusions according to the key words, part of speech and syntax, etc. Among them, classification according to the key words is the most popular way. Based on previous scholars'classifications and the specific situation of biblical allusions in Ulysses, these allusions can be generally classified into five categories according to the key words and are put into a rather large database for analysis in this dissertation. They are biblical allusions based on addressing of God, on human names, on animals, on names of places, and on events.This dissertation attempts to investigate the E-C translation of biblical allusions in Ulysses from the perspective of cognitive linguistics combined with translation studies. The study on the translation process from the cognitive perspective emphasizes explaining the cognitive process of transferring meanings from the source language to the target language in the translator's brain under the guidance of methods derived from human beings'information processing. Since schema as the knowledge representation that links new things with the existing knowledge, experiences and a complete information system constructed by relevant knowledge, is one of the parameters used to describe and explain language phenomena in cognitive linguistics, it is of great importance to focus on how translator's cognitive schema works in the translation process. This dissertation attempts to adopt Bell's translation process model to study how schema works in the translator's brain which includes schema increasing, making adjustments, and reconstruction. Methods of comparison and data-based analysis, summarization and synthesis are employed in analyzing the data. The result of the research proves that it is feasible to adopt 6 kinds of translation methods to translate biblical allusions in both Xiao's and Jin's Chinese versions, which are literal translation, literal translation with footnotes, transliteration, transliteration with footnotes, free translation, and free translation with footnotes. The author hopes that the study on translation of biblical allusions in Ulysses can help the Chinese readers to gain a better understanding of this masterpiece, especially to understand the biblical phenomena and western culture and ideology reflected in western literary works.