The Moral Critic And Loss Of The Ecological Literature Writer, Rasputin, Shown In "A Farewell To Matyora"

Ecological literature is a new landscape of contemporary literature since the late 20th century. The rise of the ecological literature roots from the culture reflection of the increasingly serious worldwide ecological crisis. It has been a long time that people began to question and reflect on the negative effects of the western civilization, such as the distortion of human nature, the destruction of nature, in the process of industrialization. Russian ecological literature is an important branch of the worldwide literature tendency; the Russian writer, Rasputin, is one of the most outstanding Russian writers. Because his work describes the natural scenery, pays attention to the relations between people and the nature, advocates the protection of natural environment, opposes the acts that mankind demands the nature greedily for their own benefit, he is converged as a representative of the"the ecology literature writers". His works also enjoy high reputation around the world. The Chinese and Russian critics have discussed much about the"relationship between man and land"and the"relationship between man and nature", but there still should be deeper comprehension about the nature of Rasputin's work. This definitely affects the understanding about the uniqueness of Rasputin and his works. In the eyes of Rasputin, the land is not only a source of people's food and clothing, but also embodies its own culture and history and the basis of every nation's moral foundation comes from people's working on land. Therefore, the damage of the harmonious relationship, between people and land, which results from working on land, will bring irreparable spiritual loss. Rasputin's representative work "A Farewell to Matyora" is such a moral philosophy fiction which puts forward the relationship between progress and morality. In this novel, apart from the treasure of nature, concerns about the ecological danger, the strong call of harmonious relationship between man and nature, respect for traditions and the profound moral critical thought, Rasputin but also reveals the great loss on economic progress and its cost. However, contemporary critics have little comment on this. This article places Rasputin in the filed of contemporary ecological literature, taking his ecological literature works as examples, explores his rich and profound implication and ecological analysis in his work, reveals his important contribution to the ecological literature; meanwhile, argues Rasputin's great moral loss on the process of industrialization in the human civilization as well.