The Effects Of Tai'ge Poets Cheng Enze And Qi Junzao On Poetry During Daoguang And Xianfeng Years

Poems of tai'ge generated in the Early Tang Dynasty, and they became popular in the Qing Dynasty after four dynasties. Poems of tai'ge in the Qing Dynasty were the leading poems, so people who wrote them controlled the development of the whole poems, which was the particular character of Qing Dynasty's poems. Between Daoguang and Xianfeng yeas, the tai'ge poets Cheng Enze and Qi Junzao preferred to follow the poems of Song Dynasty, and they advocated a great movement of studying poets of Song Dynasty. And then the track of the ancient poems changed. During this process, the role Cheng Enze and Qi Junzao played should be attended and researched.The text tried to do the research with the beginning of the lives and studies of Cheng Enze and Qi Junzao. Then analyzed their poems and discussed their affects on other poets who studied Song Dynasty's poems.The text consisted of five parts. The first parts: The poems of tai'ge before Daoguang and Xianfeng years of Qing Dynasty. Tai'ge poems were very elegant when they generated, and they did much help to improve Tang Dynasty's poems. In the early Song Dynasty, xikun poems appeared, and then, two great tai'ge poets group emerged. They were in the charge of Ou Yangxiu and Su Shi respectively. Tai'ge poems in the Ming Dynasty were not good and put the whole poems in a dead situation. In the Qing Dynasty, politicization and discussions emerged in the tai'ge poems. Poets in the tai'ge such as Wang Shizhen, Shen Deqian, Weng Fanggang and Ruan Yuan played leading parts in the creation of poems.The second part: Tai'ge poet Cheng Enze and his poems. Cheng Enze was a senior official and had a high status. His knowledge was very deep and wide, and he put emphasis on both yili and xungu, trying to break the prejudice of different schools. He stressed knowledge when talked about poems, and he insisted that one should improve his temperament by knowledge. He enjoyed Song Dynasty's poems, and especially admired Huang Tingjian. However, he didn't deny Tang Dynasty's poems. Cheng Enze's poems were about friendship, departure, social reality and mountains and so on. His poems were highly skilled and the poetry was elegant and bold.The third part: Cheng Enze's affect on the poetry of Daoguang. Cheng Enze brought about new atmosphere to the poetry of Daoguang. He influenced not only Beijing poetry but also local poetry, which was reflected in his students such as Zheng Zhen, He Shaoji and Mo Youzhi.The fourth part: Tai'ge poet Qi Junzao's life, knowledge and ideas about poems. Qi Junzao had a very long life and had a very high status in the government. His knowledge was wide and deep and his conduct was very good, therefore, he became the teacher of three Emperors. He emphasized both xungu and yili, and did his best to reconcile Han Dynasty's knowledge and Song Dynasty's knowledge. What's more, he stressed that knowledge should be put into practice. When it comes to poems, he said temperature was very important and the poems should express one's mood. In addition, the conduct of poets should be paid attention to.The fifth part: Qi Junzao's poems and his affect on the poetry of Daoguang. Qi Junzao's poems not only had a very distinct character of the time, but also had a prominent personal character. His poems depicted all aspects of the society, concerning the lives of ordinary people. The poems had many expressions and images. And he learned from lots of ancient poets, so his poems had a style of diversification. He took charge of Daoguang and Xianfeng poetry, and played an important role during the shift of the poetry.Cheng Enze and Qi Junzao had their status of poetry in the history.