Western Education Introduction By The Officials As A Traveler Or Envoy To The Europe-US In The Late Qing Dynasty(1860-1911)

Since the Opium War in 1840, the Chinese door had been opened. At the same time for the Chinese to face this humiliation, they had seen a brand new world, namely a "heavenly" world outside. Among the feudal rulers, part of the enlightened bureaucrats had realized that it was necessary to learn from the West. Therefore, they initiated a great movement that was to advance the Qing society, namely the famous Westernization Movement. During the Westernization Movement, some officials were sent on a diplomatic mission to the western countries, and others made the inspections abroad. Although their main missions were not the study of the western education, they recorded some things and views about the western education with their diaries. They also passed the information about the education back to the motherland by the letters and memorials to the throne. And some persons advised the educational problems to the Qing government after they come back. Hence, there is no doubt that all the above persons have had some impact on the changes of the society and education in the Late Qing Dynasty.The research significance, current research results, and existing problems are summarized in the preface of this thesis. At the same time, the entry point and research researches of this thesis are stated. By the literature, the Western Education Introduction by the modern Officials as a traveler or envoy to the Europe-US is systemically collected and analyzed. The main body of this thesis includes the three sections as follows.Section 1 states the reasons and situation that the officials went to the Europe-US as a traveler or envoy. This section analyzes at length the reasons that the officials went to the Europe-US as a traveler or envoy in the Late Qing Dynasty, their positions, and the countries to travel or go on a diplomatic mission.Section 2 reviews the impression that the western education made on the officials as a traveler or envoy to the Europe-US. By reviewing the documents, for example the diaries that were written by the officials went to the Europe-US as a traveler or envoy, this section introduces in detail the western education that they saw, including compulsory education, special education, tertiary education, female education and so on.Section 3 sets forth the education information that the officials as a traveler or envoy to the Europe-US passed to the Qing government. In this section, the letters wrote by them to the ministers of the Qing government and memorials to the throne are mainly analyzed. The things related to the education are refined and handled from these letters. The proposals to reform the local education are generalized and classified from these memorials.Finally, this thesis emphasizes the effect that the travel for the officials of the late Qing to go to the Europe-US made on the modern education. This thesis seeks to research in details the history that the western education was passed by the officials as a traveler or envoy to the Europe-US.