Research On Evolution Of Scientific Commuties In The Rear Area Of Anti-Japanese War

The scientific commuties of modern China began after the establishment of the Republic of China, in the 1920s and 1930s, the scientific associations developed preliminarily. During the period of Anti-Japanese War, due to the following factors such as insufficient research instrument, difficult printing, inconvenient transportation as well as the scientific associations migration and so on, the scientific associations developed difficultly. Therefore, the scientific communities during the period of Anti-Japanese War had the evolution based on the prewar development, that is, in the geographic distribution the scientific communities concentrated from the eastern coast to the rear area; most of the scientific community and the individual scientific community show that the different of the development condition; in the orientation of saving nation the scientific communities changed into interaction of the scientific enterprise and the social enterprise; in the academic exchanges the scientific communities add to the discuss in the annual meeting and new societies, scientists groups produced differentiation because of different political demand.The paper is composed of five parts:The first part is the introduction, introduced research status, the thesis origin and significance, concept definition, research methods and ideas.The second part mainly introduced the origin, the development and the characteristic of the scientific communities before Anti-Japanese War, and laid down for the third part. The third part is not only difficulty also emphasis, through the historical evidence, mainly elaborates the evolution in five aspects of scientific associations in great rear area during the period of Anti-Japanese War, and carries on the contrast with development change of prewar scientific associations. The fourth part is also key, obtains its development change emphatically from the characteristic and the influence on the evolution of scientific associations in great rear area during the period of Anti-Japanese War, thus deepens understanding to its evolution. The fifth part is the conclusion, mainly from the advantages and disadvantages of evolution of scientific associations in great rear area during the period of Anti-Japanese War, reveals historical enlightenment to western big development, balanced development of the eastern and western science and technology, harmonious development of the theory and the applied science.