Research On Lu Song Within The Book Of Songs

As one of eulogies, "Lu Hymn" serves as an important part of the Book of Songs. It originated from ancient Lu State, viz. today's South and Southwest Shandong, China. The Chapter of "You Bi" was written at the third year of King Luxigong's term, or year 659 BC. There is little irrefutable and authentic evidence to tell concrete composition time of the other three chapters. However, it is true and clear that all four chapters of "Lu Hymn" are the poems to eulogize and praise King Luxigong, therefore, these chapters should come out during Luxigong's term. In light of their content and order, the Chapter "Jiong" and Chapter "You Bi" was seen at the first year of Luxigong's term, followed by Chapter "Pan Shui" and Chapter "Bi Gong".Holding an important task of eulogizing and praise a wise and judicious king of Lu State, "Lu Hymn" is saturated with the essence of ritual music culture. Although Chapter "Jiong" is only a poem on herding horses, it did reflect people's affirmation and praise on King Luxigong's actions of valuing horse herding and breeding and enhancing state's military and economic strengths. Chater "You Bi" recorded a banquet between King Luxigong and his ministers and officials. It was not a formal banquet, but it was also fully subject to ritual rules. Chapter "Pan Shui" recorded an event that Lu State built Pan Palace. In fact, it was a major step of King Luxigong to follow the ancient Ritual and music system of Zhou Dynasty. Chapter "Bi Gong" vividly and fully demonstrated that the people in Lu State attached high attention to ritual and scarifying. In particular, it expressed the connotation and essence of deep ritual music culture in Lu State.These four chapters of "Lu Hymn" have been involved with such articles as animals, plants, places, ritual tools and sacrifices. There are considerable differences on understanding such articles. The Paper has engaged in study and examination on some articles with salient differences. There are also considerable conclusions. For example, "Mao " was not water shield or Brasenia but cress. "Xiao" was actually a bird named with "Sangfei". "Pan Palace" serves not only a "temple" or "palace", but also an important complex with educational, political and social activities. "Bigong" or "new temples", were not the temple of Jiangyuan, or temple of Lugong or temple of Xigong, but a group of temples in Lu State.In these chapters and poems, there are some different and complex words and phrases, triggering continuous arguments and debates among former poets and literators. This Paper has also engaged in study and examination on the understanding of the text. This Paper has also reviewed and analyzed the views and opinions in all dynasties on "paragraph disorderly" in Chapter "Bi Gong". Combining with the quotation and understanding of Words of Mencius on the sentence "The people in Rong area and Di area are defeated, and the people in Jing area and Chu area are punished", we could make a conclusion that there is actually paragraph disorderly in chapter "Bi Gong".