Study On Diplomatic Influence Of Ning Case Before The Nanking National Government Established

Ning case, also called Nanking incident,refers to a series of anti-foreigner violence which took place in Nanking city during the nationalist army occupied this city on march the 24th,1927.Before the nationalist army could completely control the situation,some foreign stores,schools,houses even consulates were looted,a small number of casualties was made.The British and the US fleets in the Yangtze river fired at the urban area to protect foreign citizens and subjects when they attemptet to escaped offshore to the ships,about one hundred Chinese were killed or wounded. Since then, rather the case in the Nanking National Government in the diplomatic process had a great impact in the different stages of the Nanjing Government in obedience to the needs of diplomacy has taken on the case rather different policy, until 1928, rather the case be resolved. Ning case occurs, set off a firestorm between the great powers, Britain France, Italy, Japan minister together five countries addressed Wuhan National Government an ultimatum, made very harsh conditions. Wuhan Foreign Minister Eugene Chen was not accepted, nor the powers to take further action. Later, after the Ning-Han division, foreign powers will shift the main object representations to Nanjing government. Nanjing Government early, between Britain and China have reached a preliminary consensus on both an apology and compensation. But since the early political unrest the Nanjing government, Chiang Kai-shek step down after the fact, rather the case negotiated a stay. Chiang Kai-shek after the Organization of the Second Northern Expedition back, he was also prevented. Northern Expedition, when the two sides join the Jinan military conflict, China has suffered serious casualties, known to history as the Ji case. The new government of Nanjing has been breaking with the Soviet Union, and now because they fall out of Japan Expedition, and the relationship between Britain rather before the case has been a result of normalization can not be achieved. Not get the diplomatic recognition of a great nation. So to resolve the case rather to obtain diplomatic recognition of the Nanjing government foreign policy priority. At this time negotiations with the powers that Foreign Minister Huang Fu, a certain consensus reached with the United Kingdom. This program not only agree to compensation in the UK, an apology, but expressed willingness to amend the existing treaties can be said that the case in previous negotiations reached rather intent on the most favorable. However, this program has not been approved by the British Government, the talks stopped.After that contacts with the United States, reached consensus. China to make concessions, to abandon the case rounding together with the Ning solution requirements. China's foreign negotiations core of rounding, rather just the solution for the repair of about service. The foreign concern is rather how the case be resolved about the possible delay of the repair time. China urges settlement rather solve the case together with rounding issues, but rather to solve the case before the United States asked to talk about repair problems. Although the rounding was later resolved, but this concession to draw up a new process of change has postponed for some time. Huang Fu because of external weakness after being dismissed. The new Foreign Minister Wang Zhengting take "revolutionary diplomacy" policy, that is through diplomatic negotiations between the abolition of the unequal treaties with foreign powers. Zhengting continue to succeed Huang Fu-British negotiations with the United States reached a similar agreement between the solutions. At this point the case was resolved rather, the issue between China and Japan is not the focus of the case rather focus on the Ji case. The final settlement of the case rather, to the Nanjing government received international recognition, made on behalf of China's status, clearing the new regime and the establishment of diplomatic relations between Britain and other countries the barriers to achieve greater diplomatic breakthrough, but also to promote the change set New Testament movement to create the necessary conditions.