Mental Health Of Drivers And Ayalysis Of Related Factors

ObjectiveThis research aims to explore:1. the prevalence of mental disorder among the drivers of different accident situations.2. the difference of mental health between the accident drivers and non-accident drivers.3. the difference of life events and personality between the accident drivers and non-accident drivers and the relationship that these life events and personality factors with mental health.4. the relationship between the driving adaptability and psychosocial factors of the drivers.Methods1.Stratified random sampling method was used to draw 870 motor vehicle drivers, to eliminate the drivers of accident frequency of 1-2 times , eventually 620 drivers was chosen and divided into the frequent accident group(the accident group) and non-accident group.2. They were investigated by the demographic questionnaire, life event scale, SCL-90 Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire.Results1. The detection rate of psychological problems among the frequent accident drivers was 39.8%, The detection rate of psychological problems among the non-accident drivers was 11.3%.2. The SCL-90 total score and the factor scores of the accident group were significantly higher than the non-accident group [respectively, (65.17±39.68) vs. (18.65±13.85), (9.24±5.44) vs.(3.48±2.84), (6.96±4.81) vs.(1.83±2.11), (10.19±7.19) vs.(2.53±2.74), (7.00±4.96) vs.(1.48±1.77), (4.68±3.66) vs.(1.24±1.48), (3.51±3.58) vs.(0.62±1.29), (3.84±3.36) vs.(1.00±1.33), (5.34±4.17) vs. (1.27±1.72), (8.93±6.54) vs. (2.96±2.97), (6.08±4.81)vs.(2.11±2.18)], the differences were significant (p <0.01).3. The accident group had higher scores than the non-accident group in positive life events, negative life events, family events, work events, social events factor [(5±14)vs.(3±6), (27±36)vs.(4±7), (17±27) vs.(4±7), (12±19)vs.(2±5), (0±4)vs.(0±1)], the differences were signific-ant (p<0.01).4. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire scores of the accident group were higher than the non-accident group in N,P dimension [(56.32±8.77)vs.(52.22±10.43), (45.23±8.06) vs.(48.31±9.35)] and the differences were significant (p<0.01). There was no difference in E,L dimension(p>0.05).5. The related analysis displayed there existed the statistically positive relation between the total scores of SCL-90 and the factors of the life event scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire expect for the sense of concealing factor(r=0.146⁰.393,p<0.05).6. Analysis of regression shows the factors of life event and personality had different influences on total scores and factor scores of SCL-90,and negative life events were the most important predictor of SCL-90 total score of frequent hit-and-run driver.7. Stepwise discriminant analysis showed that anxiety(X₉) and forced (X₆) factors in SCL-90, emotional factor (X₁₇) in the EPQ and negative events factor (X₅) in the LES have close relationship with the typical fisher discriminatory equations. Fisher discriminatory equations: F accident group =0.258×X₆ +0.119×X₉+0.637×X₁₇+0.043×X₅-7.476,F non-accident group =0.137×X₆-1.000×X₉+1.423×X₁₇+0.003×X₅-2.601. The correct rate of retrospectively identification was 88.3%.Conclusion1. The incidence of the accident group's psychological problems were significantly higher than non-accident group drivers, it is worth attention.2. Life events, the emotional and spiritual dimensions in the personality were the important factors on mental health for the frequent accident drivers. Negative events were the most predictive of their psychological health.3. There was much difference in life events scale between the accident group and non-accident group drivers, the accident group drivers had more stressful life events.4. The accident group drivers had more personality problems than the non-accident group,and mostly emotional reactions, the driver, self-centered loner so characterized.5. Obsession, anxiety, mood, negative events had significant correlation with adaptive driving.