| The desertification has become one of the world prime crises. And the researches about it have never terminated. As we all know, Xinjiang whose desert area is the broadest in China is suffering the most serious situation, and it is also one of the regions in the world where the desertification can't be neglected freely. The two thirds of area and 1.2 million persons in Xinjiang are threatened by the desertification. Obviously, the research of desertification in Xinjiang is becoming more and more important.In recent years, the studies mostly concentrate on the drainage area of Tarim River and the southern brim of Tarim Basin. Many scholars study the types,' evolvement process, the cause of formation and development trend of the desertification in Xinjiang, and some countermeasures were advanced accordingly. However, these scholars are mainly natural scientists, and there are few social scientists researched this field from the aspects of population and economy. So, this paper tries to analyze the causes of desertification from the angles of population and economy, and provides the countermeasure of prevention against the desertification in Xinjiang by anatomizing the acting routes.The article is divided into four parts.In the first part, the literature reviews and commendations about desertification are given. This part focuses on the present research situation, the major point and existing problems. Furthermore, the scientific value and characteristics of this research are also explained in this part.In the second part, a general summarization of Xinjiang desertification is brought forth. Firstly, the conception is given which differentiates the desertification from desert, land degradation. Secondly, the history and actuality of desertification and its damaged areas are dealt with, which form the theoretical foundation of the following.The third part is the core of this study. It includes the chapters from three to six. In chapter three, the author constructed the integrated pressure index of population in Xinjiang by which the fundamental reason of leading to the desertification in Xinjiang is found to be pressure of population and economy. The author introduces the relation between the population change and desertification in Xinjiang from the view of population increasing, diathesis makeup, and distribution. The author finds the population change effect the tithes; grasslands, forests and water resources distribution of the pasturing and culturing areas indirectly, and consequently prick up the desertification. Moreover, the acting approach of population change to the desertification is illustrated.In chapter five, the interrelationship between economic development and desertification in Xinjiang is mainly introduced. In the first, the fundamental reason, which causes the environmental friability, is poverty, the environmental poverty. And, in these regions, it is poverty that leads to thelag of life styles and production modes and the irrationality of land employment. Inversely, these factors make the environment of the poverty regions worse, and consequently the desertification emerge. Just as the words "the poverty produces the leanness of land, and the land of leanness produces the crowd of poverty". As is concerned of the regions of poverty, the development is the first of all. The two conversions must be really conducted which are the reproductive of traditional population and the modernization of substance materiel. The author also constructed the relation graph about poverty and desertification and illustrates the acting routes.In chapter six, the relationship between Xinjiang system and desertification is carefully discussed, mainly about the absence of the waters management. The author conceives that the water resource is one of the commonality products. The water property rights ambiguity, land property rights unclarity and frequent adjustment , the farmers' usufruct of land unprotected are absolutely not the neglectable factors caused desertification in Xinjiang.In t...
|
PDF Full Text Request