| Background: It is estimated by WHO, that there are 30% injections in preventive healthcare for children are unsafe all over the world, and more than 50% unsafe injections when it is comes to curative healthcare. Among the reasons for unsafe injection, special attention should be paid to the re-using of syringe or needle between patients without sterilization, which is a common phenomenon especially in developing and transient countries, and would leads to the serious result in the rising infections of blood-borne pathogens among the people. To prevent the adverse effects of unsafe injection practices essentially, some international organizations, such as WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA etc. established the programs and rules in 1999 that request vaccination injections must be administered with auto-disposal syringes since 2003. MOH in China also designed to administer injections with auto-disposal syringes begin with the immunity planning on 2 million neonates every year. Along with the deepen known about unsafe injection, the unsafe practice existed in the injection with preventive and curative healthcare have come to focus theattention. A great many of studies and reports show that the condition of safe injection in China is far more serious than that of most people considered. For this reason, some health related workers brought out the advice to replace the common plastic syringes with auto-disposal ones (AD syringe) in China, with the aim relies on that auto-disposal syringe can make it possible to eliminate the behavior of unsafe injection by taking the usage of technical methods. The extending of AD syringe can clear up the possibility of resale or reuse the common plastic syringes (ordinary syringe) and make up the deficiency of management, so as to so reduce the social burden caused by the transmission of blood-borne pathogens through unsafe injection. There should be technical and comprehensive analysis for the replacement of ordinary syringes by AD syringes in China because of the higher cost of AD syringe than that of ordinary syringe. The evaluation should be conducted correctly to allocate the deficient health resources in optimal.Objective: The study plans to evaluate the replacement of ordinary syringes by auto-disposal syringes in China with the method of cost-benefit analysis, which includes the measurement of disease burden for hepatitis B when calculating the benefit of the intervention, to analysis the possibility of this advice. And the result would be the important information for the policy makers.Method: cost-benefit analysis was adopted to conductthe analysis with the indicator of benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Our study following the traditional routes in thought of economics and sociology. Firstly, we put the interventions forward, and then progress cost-benefit analysis on it to make a selection or decision. Finally, simple stakeholder analysIs also conducted combine with the policy environment to provide more information for department of health to make some decision on policy. The harm of unsafe injection is mainly caused by the iatrogenic infective diseases, in view of that, our study focus on the economic analysis on hepatitis B for the burden of which is the biggest among those iatrogenic infective diseases. Consider the economic burden for Hepatitis B patients, which should attribute to unsafe injection, as benefit of the replacement of ordinary syringes with AD syringes. The added cost between the two kinds of syringe was adapted to the cost rising of the intervention. Then the cost-benefit analysis could be carried out and the BCR were getting.To evaluate the losses of society comprehensively, DALY is selected to indicate the indirect burden of hepatitis B. DALY can reflect the healthy life losses for disease with considering both the earlier death than normal and the disability, and further been weighted with the age and time. Then the indirect financial losses would be get when the losses of DALY multiply the average GDP per-person.Resource: Get the informati...
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