The Contrast And Evolution Of The Chinese Rural Land System

To a huge rural country with 130 million people, how to change and develop the land system is an important factor affecting Chinese economy and social development ail along. The land system has undergone the change of peasant's individual ownership to household contract responsibility system since the founding of new China, in which course, our government and people have paid great cost ,and at the same time obtained valuable experience .With the deepening of the reform of the socialism market economic system, and witi the development of the rural social productivity, the present land system-small scale, individual management-can not meet the requirement of the market economy and social productivity development. At the same time, our rural land system serves the function of social insurance, which endow the peasant to share land equally as a means of survival. So, the evolution of rural land system faces the dual-constrain of equity and efficiency.Combining the historic change from the founding of the new China, and the experiment and creation in current rural land reform, and by way of horizontal and historic colttrast, this thesis draw a conclusion that it is the infallible choice to practice household management, and to rearrange the land property rights in rural areas, which is also the necessary means to solve the problem of equity and efficiency in the future.By way of absorbing the experience of the present household contract responsibility system and stock co-operation system, this thesis put forward a new model of landmanagement,-household stock contract system, which means the peasant can use landexploiting rights as stocks. So it is necessary to clarify the land property rights, to promote the liquidity of the land exploiting rights, and practice moderate scale economy through biding and contracting between the different households. The peasant can gain their money paid for shares through the transfer of the land property rights, and the dual utility of equity and efficiency can be realized. Concerning the fact that our country has a vast frontier and hat various areas, the application of household stock contract system should adept to the different stage and different areas according to the real situation. The object of which is to improve the productivity of the agriculture and maintain the stability in the rural areas.