| Since the People' s Republic of China has been established, the reformation of Chinese agricultural land system have: (first) the Land Reform, a system that the peasants have the land property right and using, (Second) Agricultural Cooperative transformation, a system that the peasants have the land property right but the community have the land-using, (Third) People' s Commune, a system that the community have the land property right and using, these are three compulsive reformation of system by the state, which have limited efficiency and serious defaults . Until the coming of the (forth) system of household link output contract responsibility, that the community have the land property right but the peasants have the land-using.Family Contract System of Management is essentially a demand-induce reformation of system . It has been practiced for more than 20 years, on one hand it has shown positive great system-efficiency in economic, political and social sides. On the other hand on the basis of investigation, and through the analysis of phenomenon, now the system of household link output contract responsibility is in trouble. It have its own institutional defects, such as the uncertainty of land property right system, the inexplicity of land contract management rights, the institutional defect in rural land circulation, the frequent changes of the land- using .In order to separate the peasants from land in further sense, land system must be innovated. So the article give three basic principals of system innovation :the peasants' interests must be respected, the cost of system innovation must be less than benefit, the state should be the factor of institutional innovation. And five suggestions are given, these are: to improve the system of property rights of rural land, to emphasize land-law, to set up rural land circulation system, to improve macro management of land by the state, to set up and improve the system of social help and security in the countryside of China. |
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