| City is a historical category, the result of productive forces` development. From the city development process, the course of the development city is inevitable outcome that social productive forces develop into industrialization. Modern city's development originated in the Great Britain, though there are difference in starting time; development speed and level, the world's urbanization, all undergo three stage: initial stage, accelerating stage, and maturation stage. Our city's development undergo a zigzagging developing road, comparing with the world developing standard, our level of urbanization relatively lag. Since 1978's, Our urbanization come into a accelerating stage with a new wheel of our economic development, in the first 20year of 21 century, the theoretical and practical works predict "It `s relatively suitable that each year, our city's urbanization increase by 1%or so" .we can wholly foresee that our city's urbanization process will also come into a quickly developing stage.From the view of land utilization, the lack of land resources is a restrictive element. In one aspect, more people, less land, land resources are scarce, the contradiction between human and lands are seriously; in the other aspect, the land utilization are rough and extensive, "enclosure problem" rises one after another, the rate of land utilization is very low, the structure of land utilization is unreasonable, "real estate hotness" and "open economic zone hotness" blindly expand, they cause the sharply decreasing of cultivation, endanger the security of grains and the stability of society. The urbanization are advantage for improving ways of land utilization, the process of urbanization is the process of improving the rate of land utilization.Our lands carry out socialist public ownership, that's state owner's and peasant collective's land. The ownership of state's land are carried out by the States Council, standing for the states. The right of using land separate from the ownership. Transferred according to law. The states can make a requisition of land for the need of public interests according to the law. The states carried out the system of paid land use by law. The state carry out strictly and high intensively control to the distribution of the state's land.In the distribution of city's land, before reform, our country carry out the system of planned economy by political orders to distribute the land resources. The method exclude the usage of market to the distribution of lands, restrict the freely flow of land, which cause the inefficient distribution of land resources. From the 1980's with the deepening reform of economic system, our country's land using system also carry out reform which extend surrounding the questions to whether the lands should be put into the market and whether the land market form prices of the land using rights. We can divided the nearly 20 year's land market building into 2 stage by the boundary of the 14th conference of the party's: the first reforming stage of land using the ten years' reform before the 14th conference of the party's mainly change from no payment, no limitation of time, no flowing into having payment, limitation of time and flowing. The second, stage of land using system: after the 14th conference of the party's, it comes into the whole building market stage, which the price of land's using right become the nucleal problem when you are in the market.After the 14th conference of the party's and more than a decade's effort, the basic role of the market's distributing land resources was brought into fully play with its four manifestation: 1,that the range in which the market distributed the right to use land was expanded continuously and the market mechanism was preliminary established that formed the price of the right to use land; 2,that the system to control land use was basically established and the government's macroscopic adjustment of the land market was strengthened and improved; 3,that the land market managing... |
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