Study On The Establishment Of Agriculture Water Saving Society

With the increasing of population and development of social-economy, the contradiction between water demanding and water resource supply has been sharpened. Water resource scarcity in North China becomes much more severer than ever. Drought and water scarcity have affected each aspects of human social-economy, further restrict the sustainable development of resources and environment, forming the bottleneck of social-economy. Therefore, establishing a comprehensive water saving society is an urging task for the moment.There is totally 26.59x108m3 available water on annual average, each person only possesses 309.12m3, and one Chinese mu only occupies 298.53m3 in Shijiazhuang. In the past several decades, the solving of water shortage problem depended primarily on over-pumping of underground water. The successive over-pumping of underground water has caused a series environmental problems and exerted a great pressure on the ecology. Agriculture as the biggest water user plays an important role in water consumption. It uses 70% of the total water in general.To make it clear the contribution of agriculture irrigation to the exhaustion of water resource and the potential of agriculture water saving, using agriculture economic data from 1984 to 2001, this paper analyzed the theoretical and actual water demand of the three main crops including wheat, corn and cotton under the condition of high water using efficiency according to the correlation between the unit area crop productivity and water demand. And then calculated the actual water demand quantity under the condition of coarse irrigating mode. Taking out the rainfall quantity during each crops' growing period, we got the theoretical and actual irrigation water quantity for the achieved productivity. The next step is to make a comparison analysis between actual water use and the reasonable available water resource. Following that we can get the total theoretical water demand, actual water use, over-pumping of underground water, the balance between theoretical and actual water demand under the condition of the present productivity trend, the gap between the actual irrigating water demand under the condition of the real production and reasonable available water resource for the 17 years from 1984 to 2001, so we can determine the water saving space. This is the base for the measures we should take for the establishment of water saving agricultural society.The result shows that from 1984-2001 the theoretical water demand for the real production under the condition of high water use efficiency mode is 305.84x108 M3, converted into annual demand is 16.99x108M3. Among which wheat demanded 202.29x108 M3, that is 11.24x 108M3 yearly. While the actual irrigation used 522.83x 108M3 , of which 239.10xl08M3 was given to wheat, converted into annual demand is 13.28x108M3. Thebalance between the total theoretical irrigation demand for the real production and the actual use is 216.98xl08M3 yearly, converted into annual demand is 12.05x108 M3. The gap between theoretical water demand and water available is 2.46x108 M3 yearly. The gap between actual irrigating water and reasonable available water is 9.60xl08 M3 yearly. Therefore, we can get the extent of water saving converted to the theoretical water demand by the actual water demand is 12.06xl08M3, As a result The water over-pumped can be as much as 12.21x108M3. Agriculture is one of the most dangers to water environment.Agriculture in Shijiazhuang must save 12.21x108M3 water yearly for the sustainable development of agriculture. This must be guaranteed by comprehensive water saving measures.In the view of engineering water saving and according to the Program of Agriculture water projects made by agricultural department of Shijiazhuang, to the end of 2005 the total amount of yearly water saving can reach 3.99x108M3, including 6703.2xl04 M3 that can be saved by sprinkling -irrigation, 2.96x 108 M3 that can be saved by pipe-irrigation, 1731.9x104 M that can be saved by dripping-irrigation, 1904 x10 M that can be saved b...