| In the present international trade, the technical measures to trade have more and more effects. According to the survey delivered by the Ministry of Commerce, 71% of export enterprises in China were met the limitation of technical measures to trade from foreign countries and 39% of export products were affected in various scale in 2002 with the loss more than 17 billion US dollars. Among them, almost 90% of food and animal by-products export enterprises were limited with the loss more than 9 billion US dollars.As for the chicken export, the enterprises in China face the main technical measures to trade such as animal disease and animal medicine remains. The main destinations of China's chicken export are countries and regions such as Japan, European Union, ROK, etc. Due to the existence of animal disease virus and overrun of animal medicine remains, the border were closed many times, which brought tremendous losses to China's chicken export. As the flagship enterprise of chicken export in Jilin Province, Jilin Deda Co., Ltd. were greatly affected. To discuss the effect of the technical measures to trade to chicken export of Jilin Deda Co., Ltd. and to make analysis on the causes and to put forward the corresponding countermeasures which includes the efforts of government on macro-control aspect, the furtherance of inspection and quarantine system on macroscopical and microcosmic aspect and self-adjustment of Jilin Deda Co., Ltd. All these measures will have practical significance to Jilin Deda Co., Ltd to reduce the effect of technical measures to trade and to increase chicken export. Due to the rationality of goals and concealment and complexity and flexibility on technical aspect, the technical measures to trade are very difficult to be challenged. These measures are widely used among WTO members and greatly affect the international trade. Aiming at fowl products, the countries and regions such as Japan, ROK, USA, EU, Russia, etc. have carried out extremely strict technical measures to trade on sanitation requirements, processing conditions and disease prevention and supervision system. All these measures greatly affected the chicken export of China and Jilin Deda Co., Ltd. Since 1996 the EU stopped the import of fowl and its related products form Jilin Deda Co., because Newcastle disease virus was found in chicken products from China. And in 2002 the EU stopped the import of all the animal origin products (chicken included) due to the overrun of chloromycetin in seafood products from China and this ban is still in effect at present. Japan is the main importer of chicken from Jilin Deda Co., Ltd. or even China and more than 70% of chicken processed by Jilin Deda Co., Ltd. were exported to Japan. In 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, Japan stopped the import of chicken due to Highly pathogenic avian influenza and overrun of clopidol ROK stopped import due to Highly pathogenic avian influenza. And Switzerland stopped import since November 2002 till present due to the overrun of nitrofurans.In order to reduce and eliminate the opposite effects of technical measures to trade of foreign countries, the primary work we need to do is to have a right attitude to technical measures to trade. Due to the existing gap between China and developed countries and regions on food safety, our work should be focused on self-improvement. The individual-Jilin Deda Co., Ltd, the export administrative department-Jilin Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, the macro-environment administrative department-government should carry out corresponding adjustment to fit the new requirement of international situation.As for strategies, the most important aspect is the improvement of macro-environment. If we can not improve the macro-environment, and the insufficient control in manufacture and circulation process of animal medicine and feed, inefficiency of epidemic prevention and control, distemperedness of laws and rules, overlapping functions among administrative departments will decrease the efficiency of efforts... |
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