| OBJECTIVE: 1.To develop a model — intravenous administration — and validate a established model conducted by Professor Yun Keming team for an accidental anesthesia death case, and then observe three mainly vital signs and pathology of dogs after fatal subarachonid anesthesia and intravenous injection doses of lidocaine hydrochloride. 2. To set up a way that samples were analysed for lidocaine by GC-MS and GC with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. 3. To investigate the distribution of lidocaine in dead dogs to provide a scientific evidence for the forensic identification of the anesthesia.accident caused by lidocaineMETHOD: 1. Animal model:Eighteen dogs were randomly allocated to one of two group (n=9 per group ) receving intravenous injection, to the other group (n=9 per group ) receving suharachonid anesthesia with an even speed in five minutes for 15mg/kg weight of lidocaine hydrochloride. 2. Record of vital signs: A system of Biological function recorded changed in vital signs like electro cardia, blood pressure and respiration from starting administration to death of dogs. 3. Collection of samples: A dog died from anesthesia was dissected as soon as its vital signs disappeared , and then its specimen—the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in lateral ventricle, CSF in subarachnoid space, spinal cord (cervical spinal cord, thoracic spinal cord, lumbar spinal cord, waist spinal cord ), heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, bile, urine, heart blood, peripheral blood, muscle in injection location and muscle in no injection location — were collected and analysed immediately. 4. Pathology: The brain, spinal cord, cerebellum, heart, lung, liver, spleen and kidney were fixed with 4% formaldehyde, cut into sections and stained with a HE staining for a light microscopic examination. 5. Analysis. These obtained samples were extracted by ethyle ether. Analysis was performed with GC equipped with NPD and GC-MS. Analyte identification was based on retention time in the chromatographic system coupled with the ion fragmentation spectrum in the mass spectrometer. Quatitative analysis was on an internal standaed method coupled with an working curve method.RESULTS: 1. Pupil decrease, respiratory arrest, aphonia, muscle tremble, incontinence of urine and excrement and extensive sensory occureed at 1~2 min after intervenous administration of lidocaine. During anesthesia paralysis of the four legs, rigidity, muscle tremble, incontinence of urine and excrement and extensive sensory occureed. 2. Time for electro cardiac, blood pressure and respiration disappearance was 8min, 6.5 min, 6.5 min, respectively in intravenous injection group, and that was 14min, 12min, 17min respectively in group of subarachnoid anesthesia. 3. The experimented dogs showed a pathology of sudden death.. 4. The maximum concentration was the kidney in group of intervenous injection. In group of subarachnoid anesthesia, the maximum concentration was the CSF in subarachoid space.CONCLUSION: 1. The study has validated one established model of the subarachnoid anesthesia for the accidental anesthesia death case and developed the other model of intervenous injection for the accidental case. In these two groups, dogs' changes of vital signs and pathology were similar to those of a case associated with accidental anesthesia death. So the established model was available on the study on forensic identification. 2. The data on distribution in different tissue after suharachonid and intervenous application in dogs may apply to the study on forensic identification. 3. The established analysis was an accurate, reliable, sensitive and applicable to analyze lidocaine in organ and body fluid.
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