Mao Zedong's Equality Pursue And Superstructure Revolution

In the relation between equality and socialism, there lied in two opinions in the leaders ofcommunism. One was that the problem of inequality would be solved when socialism wasfounded, which was agreed to by most leaders. The other was that there also lied in muchinequality in social society. The difference between them lied in the latter needed a highly andoverall equality, whose representative was Mao Zedong. In order to realize socialism earlier,Mao fastened the speeding of socialism revolution once and again. After the foundation ofsocialism, Mao also saw inequality in socialism society. In order to eliminate the inequality andrealize communism society, where there would have a highly adequate equality among people,he started a large–leap movement and people's commune movement, the forth of which belongedto the revolution of productivity, and the back belonged to the revolution of productive relation. The loss of a large–leap movement and people's commune movement, indicated that thewish to realize equality quickly by radical change in economic field had fallen out. Mao divertedhis most attention from economic field to politic field. Then he suddenly found a privilege class.The appearance of the privilege class, was not only contrary to Mao's equality ideal, but doubtedthe legitimacy of the socialism revolution . So Mao made war to the privilege class. In his opinion, the formation of the privilege class stemmed from the interact circle betweencapital right and capital idea. Capital right was material foundation and capital idea was spiritualfoundation of the formation of the privilege class. Capital right spurred the development ofcapital idea, capital idea promoted the enlargement of capital right, and capital right enlargedalso spurred the overflow of capital idea again. The scale of privilege class would be larger andlarger in this circle. To prevent this trend needed cutting off the circle chain. Mao brought outagain and again to eradicate capital right and eliminate capital idea, but the effect is little. Mao Zedong also thought, the 'class consciousness' of the privilege class would come outand develop unceasingly in that circle. In order to consolidate and expand their privilege, theywould carry out revisionism. So privilege class would turn into revisionism group. Because therevisionists had mastered many powers, rectification and social education wouldn't be effective.Only overthrew those who mastered power to carry out capitalism, the problem could be solvedthoroughly. So Mao started 'superstructure revolution', that is, 'culture revolution'. Superstructure revolution included the revolutionary in political superstructure and idealsuperstructure. The revolution in politic superstructure embodied that overturned the old politicalsystem and restructured. The revolutionary in ideal superstructure mainly embodied to criticizeeducation, culture, art, and science thoroughly under the flag of the Ideology of Mao Zedong, toeradicate the effect of revisionism and educate new man. In a word, he wanted to send up a neworder. From the absolute meaning, Mao's seeking for equality was right. But he made seriousmistakes both aim and tool. About aim, he sought for equality excessively at the cost ofsacrificing other values. About tool, in order to realize equality ideal, he resorted to force, andeven hardly cared about the order. The final result was that superstructure revolution didn't reachthe aim, on the contrary, brought out vast disasters.