After the founding of the New China, Mao Zedong continued his struggle against dogmatism and gained important achievements in many ways. In the field of socialist reform, he started a road of socialist reform of China successfully; meanwhile, he also broke away from the China realty on the understanding of the transition period, which led to his dogmatist mistakes on it. In the field of socialist construction, Mao Zedong opposed either copying the socialist construction experience of Soviet or carrying out dogmatism, thus he made some important achievements in exploring the road of socialist construction in China. However, he also made not only dogmatist mistakes but also empiricism mistakes in his directing the specific woke of the socialist construction by applying his successful experience in revolution period, which violated the objective rule. And his dogmatist mistakes were especially severe in dealing with the question of the so-called socialist revolution and in the struggle the so-called revisionism. Being affected by the mutual influences of the International Communist Movement circumstance and the internal situation, Mao Zedong made a wrong judgments on the class struggle of international andinternal situation, thus he deviated his correct understanding, which led to a severe revisionism. These are the theoretical origin of the political mistakes Mao Zedong made in his late years. To analyze these gain and loss will give us some important enlightenments.
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