A Study On Technical Barrier To Trade And Improvement Of China Agriculture Competitiveness

With China's entry into WTO, agricultural producers meet more opportunities to use international market, but they also meet more stringent quality and safety requirement. Most of protection policies of international agriculture trade are technical barrier to trade, instead of tariff and non-tariff measures before, which become one of four barriers. So, to evaluate correctly international competitiveness of our agricultural product, and to analysis the influence and mechanism of technical barrier to trade, play a very important role to china agriculture modernization especially internationalization. The thesis takes for the influence of TBT to competitiveness differs from time, between short-run and long-run through summary literature and theory deduction. In the short run, TBT will pose such negative effects as quantity restriction, cost addition and risk addition. But in the long run, TBT is merits or demerits. The positive effect of anti-driving mechanism needs technical and institutional innovations in both industry sector and public sector. The thesis analysis status in quo our country agricultural competitiveness based on agricultural products. The market occupation ability improves in recently years because of change of export structure that focus on seafood, horticulture products. This is based on domestic resources, adapts to transition of international market, i.e. follow rule of comparative advantage. But our country whole agricultural product quality competitiveness is weighed by export product quality index, below the world average level especially labour-intensive products such as horticulture, livestock. There is discord between competitive advantage and comparative advantage weighed by appropriate rate. This is related with the direction of public R&D investment. Improvement of our country's agricultural competitiveness enters into a period led by investment. The thesis finds that the discord increases the influence of TBT. TBT mostly happens in agricultural product that need inspection more just our country have large market occupation rate. Developed countries mostly set it up as our major market. TBT weaken competitiveness directly by restrict market entry; at the same time weaken competitiveness indirectly by influencing structure transition. The thesis proves that industry part has self-organization ability when it face to TBT. For example, Jiayi Company and Shangpan Orchid Cooperation both overcome TBT successfully through reintegrate industry chain. The progress needs investment. Rational institutional arrangement, support of public framework, establishment of a system that could backwards product quality, will conquer exterior effect. Extension of notification period or special treatment to developing countries also helps to control negative effect of TBT. Public sector also adjusts gradually when TBT happen frequently. Our country has increase supervision of food safety, and whole system transit from separated to integrated one. But I find the public sectors still have some problems such as have financial scarceness, blur function. So we should improve integrated procession, increase financial support according to green box principle and strengthen serve function of public sectors.