Investigation Information Theory

With development of computer technology and modern communication technology, information network has reached into every corner of social life. The crime, as a social byproduct, is evolving into a variety of new criminal manifestations, and the criminal offense has undergone profound changes.In view of the development trend of international police reform, the concept of"Intelligence-led policing"has become the focus of each country's policing strategy. The public security organs in various Chinese regions proposed different police strategies according to local characteristics, which all center on emphasizing the leading role of the intelligence information in the police service, and"information-led investigation"as a part of the intelligence-led policing strategy was introduced in solving cases by investigation of investigation authorities. However, compared with the current status of the information-led investigation mechanism being promoted in the practical field, there are fewer monographs and articles doing research on this issue in the academic field. For this reason, the author carries out the research on the following contents, entitled"investigation information theory", from the aspects such as the meaning of investigation information, investigation information theory and re-thinking.In Chapter I, the author starts from the evolution and understanding of the term of information to pave a way for analysis of the concept and characteristics of investigation information. Based on"three investigation theories"with information theory as the core proposed by Professor Wuhan, the author conducts a theoretical study on the meaning of investigation information and the investigation information theory, and also proposes her new understanding of the three investigation theories under the current informationized social environment, that is, when introduce the"three investigation theories"into the criminal investigation field as a methodology, we should focus on the completion of the investigation task from the purpose of Criminalistics.In Chapter II, based on the theoretical study, this article pays more attention to how the investigation information theory can better serve the investigation practice. This chapter focuses on the theme of"information-led investigation", and then unfolds the discussion from the necessity and feasibility of information-led investigation. In this chapter, the authors discussed the necessity of information-led investigation from three perspectives of following the inevitable development trend of social productive forces, internal requirements of the investigation work, and the objective need to complete investigation task; and discussed the feasibility of information-led investigation in light of the investigation digitization and investigation database trend of investigation development.In Chapter III, the paper focuses on study of information collection, i.e. to launch discussion from the information methodology in investigation. First is about the development and changes of information resources. In traditional industrial social environment, for crime and criminal information only existed in real space, the investigation activities in that time only need to fall into the real space. In the information society, the tentacles of crime have extended to the virtual network space, so crime information extends from the three-dimensional physical space to the one-dimensional virtual space. Second is about the collection of information. The author respectively describes the methods that may be taken to collect information in terms of the information on unsolved cases, the information on solved cases and the information on the virtual space.In Chapter IV, the paper adopts the analysis and research of information as the subject, that is, to launch discussion from control methodology in investigation. First is about the contents of analysis and judgment, unfolding the following items in sequence: the primary analysis and judgment, which can be divided into analysis and judgment of reliability and validity of information, and the advanced analysis and judgment, which can also be divided into analysis and judgment of strategic intelligence, analysis and judgment of tactical intelligence, analysis and judgment of population at high risk, and analysis and judgment of series cases in joint-investigation. Second is about the principles and methods for information analysis and judgment, giving descriptions on general principle and method as well as the basic principles and methods respectively.In Chapter V,the paper gives a dedicated description on the information-led investigation, that is, to launch discussion from the system methodology in the investigation. First is about the mode of information-led investigation, respectively presenting and discussing the traditional investigation mode and the information-led investigation mode by contrast. Second is about the mechanism of information-led investigation. Elements of information-led investigation consist of the following five aspects: awareness, technology, organization, personnel and system, and the author described the above five elements one by one, and discussed the specific practice of the information-led investigation mechanism.